Chest wall defect and chronic pleural infection: surgical treatment with thoracomyoplasty and open window thoracostomy.

We report a rare case of a 75-year-old hemiplegic man with a chronic pleural infection, a bronchopleural fistula, and a full-thickness defect of the chest. In one operation we performed open-window thoracostomy and pleural decortication as well as reconstruction of the chest defect and reclosure of the bronchopleural fistula with a latissimus dorsi muscle flap. The patient made a good recovery and was sent for rehabilitation in good condition. Surgical treatment was essential to control and ultimately halt the septic process. Use of a muscle transplant in a hemiplegic patient did not reduce mobility.