Ramjee Gita, Shattock Robin, Delany Sinead, McGowan Ian, Morar Neetha, Gottemoeller Megan
HIV Prevention Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa.
AIDS Res Ther. 2006 Oct 13;3:25. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-3-25.
Current HIV/AIDS statistics show that women account for almost 60% of HIV infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. HIV prevention tools such as male and female condoms, abstinence and monogamy are not always feasible options for women due to various socio-economic and cultural factors. Microbicides are products designed to be inserted in the vagina or rectum prior to sex to prevent HIV acquisition. The biannual Microbicides conference took place in Cape Town, South Africa from 23-26 April 2006. The conference was held for the first time on the African continent, the region worst affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The conference brought together a record number of 1,300 scientists, researchers, policy makers, healthcare workers, communities and advocates. The conference provided an opportunity for an update on microbicide research and development as well as discussions around key issues such as ethics, acceptability, access and community involvement. This report discusses the current status of microbicide research and development, encompassing basic and clinical science, social and behavioural science, and community mobilisation and advocacy activities.
当前的艾滋病毒/艾滋病统计数据显示，在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，感染艾滋病毒的女性几乎占60%。由于各种社会经济和文化因素，诸如男用和女用避孕套、禁欲和一夫一妻制等艾滋病毒预防手段对女性而言并不总是可行的选择。杀微生物剂是设计用于在性行为前插入阴道或直肠以预防感染艾滋病毒的产品。2006年4月23日至26日，两年一度的杀微生物剂会议在南非开普敦举行。该会议首次在非洲大陆召开，而非洲大陆是受艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行影响最严重的地区。此次会议汇聚了创纪录的1300名科学家、研究人员、政策制定者、医护人员、社区代表及倡导者。会议为更新杀微生物剂的研发情况以及围绕伦理、可接受性、获取途径和社区参与等关键问题展开讨论提供了契机。本报告讨论了杀微生物剂研发的现状，涵盖基础与临床科学、社会与行为科学以及社区动员和宣传活动。
