Saïdi Héla
Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France.
Rev Med Virol. 2009 Mar;19(2):69-76. doi: 10.1002/rmv.601.
Women account for almost 60% of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. HIV-1 prevention tools such as condoms, abstinence and monogamy are not always feasible options for women due to various socio-economic and cultural factors. Microbicides are anti-microbial medications formulated for topical administration to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV-1 and other pathogens. Ideally, they will afford bidirectional protection to both men and women who are engaged in vaginal or anal sex. Since the use of condom is often difficult or impossible, this multifunctional role of microbicides will be crucial in the fight against AIDS. The 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) was recently held in Boston, USA, where one of the most interesting subject area discussed by researchers from all around the world was the latest developments and understandings in microbicide-related basic science and pre-clinical product development as well as in product manufacturing and formulation that address the issue of user adherence.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，感染人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）的人群中女性占近60%。由于各种社会经济和文化因素，诸如避孕套、禁欲和一夫一妻制等HIV-1预防手段对女性而言并不总是可行的选择。杀微生物剂是一种经调配用于局部给药的抗微生物药物，旨在预防HIV-1和其他病原体的性传播。理想情况下，它们能为进行阴道或肛交的男性和女性提供双向保护。鉴于使用避孕套往往困难或无法实现，杀微生物剂的这种多功能作用在抗击艾滋病的斗争中将至关重要。第15届逆转录病毒与机会性感染会议（CROI）最近在美国波士顿举行，来自世界各地的研究人员讨论的最有趣的主题领域之一是杀微生物剂相关基础科学和临床前产品开发以及解决使用者依从性问题的产品制造和配方方面的最新进展与认识。
