Stamps Judy A
Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2006 Nov;9(11):1179-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00972.x.
The silver spoon effect in the context of habitat selection occurs when dispersers in good condition are more likely to settle in high-quality habitats than dispersers in poor condition. Positive relationships between disperser condition and the quality of post-dispersal habitats are predicted by at least two non-exclusive ultimate hypotheses. The competition hypothesis assumes that a disperser's condition affects its chances of competing for space or joining an established group after arriving at a high-quality habitat, while the search hypothesis assumes that a disperser's condition affects its selectivity, and hence its chances of accepting a lower-quality habitat when it is searching for a new habitat. Thus far, silver spoon effects in the context of habitat selection have been reported in only a handful of species (several birds and marine invertebrates), but this study suggests that they may be relatively common in particular species and situations.
在栖息地选择的背景下，“银匙效应”指的是状态良好的扩散个体比状态不佳的扩散个体更有可能在高质量栖息地定居。至少有两个并非相互排斥的终极假说来解释扩散个体状态与扩散后栖息地质量之间的正相关关系。竞争假说认为，扩散个体的状态会影响其在到达高质量栖息地后争夺空间或加入已有的群体的机会；而搜索假说则认为，扩散个体的状态会影响其选择性，进而影响其在寻找新栖息地时接受低质量栖息地的可能性。到目前为止，仅在少数物种（几种鸟类和海洋无脊椎动物）中报道过栖息地选择背景下的“银匙效应”，但这项研究表明，它们在特定物种和情况下可能相对普遍。
