Adams Jo, Hammond Alison, Burridge Jane, Cooper Cyrus
School of Health Professions and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Southampton, UK.
Musculoskeletal Care. 2005;3(2):85-101. doi: 10.1002/msc.29.
Static orthoses are recommended for individuals who have early rheumatoid arthritis (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, 2002; College of Occupational Therapists, 2003). These orthoses aim to rest and immobilize weakened joint structures and decrease local inflammation (Janssen et al., 1990; Nicholas et al., 1982); correctly position joints (Nordenskiöld, 1990; Ouellette, 1991); minimize joint contractures (McClure et al., 1994); increase joint stability (Kjeken et al., 1995); relieve pain (Feinberg, 1992; Callinan and Mathiowetz, 1996; Kjeken et al., 1995) and improve function (Janssen et al., 1990; Pagnotta et al., 1998; Nordenskiöld, 1990). Wrist and hand orthoses have been routinely prescribed for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for the last 30 years with limited evidence that they are effective in achieving their purported aims. This article reviews the possible deterioration in hand structure that can occur in RA and discusses the theoretical basis for the application of static orthoses in RA. The evidence for the effectiveness of four commonly used static orthoses is then examined.
对于早期类风湿性关节炎患者,建议使用静态矫形器(苏格兰跨学院指南网络,2002年;职业治疗师学院,2003年)。这些矫形器旨在使衰弱的关节结构得到休息和固定,并减轻局部炎症(扬森等人,1990年;尼古拉斯等人,1982年);使关节正确定位(诺登斯基öld,1990年;乌埃莱特,1991年);尽量减少关节挛缩(麦克卢尔等人,1994年);增加关节稳定性(克耶肯等人,1995年);缓解疼痛(范伯格,1992年;卡利南和马蒂奥韦茨,1996年;克耶肯等人,1995年)并改善功能(扬森等人,1990年;帕尼奥塔等人,1998年;诺登斯基öld,1990年)。在过去30年中,手腕和手部矫形器一直被常规地开给类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者,但仅有有限的证据表明它们能有效地实现其宣称的目标。本文回顾了类风湿性关节炎可能导致的手部结构恶化情况,并讨论了在类风湿性关节炎中应用静态矫形器的理论基础。然后考察了四种常用静态矫形器有效性的证据。