Hong Yeong Ho, Lillehoj Hyun S, Lillehoj Erik P, Lee Sung Hyen
Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Building 1040, BARC-East, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006 Dec 15;114(3-4):259-72. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.08.006. Epub 2006 Oct 12.
Coccidiosis, a major intestinal parasitic disease of poultry, induces a cell-mediated immune response against the etiologic agent of the disease, Eimeria. In the current study, the expression levels of gene transcripts encoding pro-inflammatory, Th1, and Th2 cytokines, as well as chemokines were measured in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) after Eimeria maxima infection. In addition, changes in IEL numbers were quantified following E. maxima infection. Transcripts of the pro-inflammatory and Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-17, and IL-18 were increased 66- to 8 x 10(7)-fold following primary parasite infection. Similarly, mRNA levels of the Th2 cytokines IL-3, IL-10, IL-13, and GM-CSF were up-regulated 34- to 8800-fold, and the chemokines IL-8, lymphotactin, MIF, and K203 were increased 42- to 1756-fold. In contrast, IFN-alpha, TGF-beta4, and K60 transcripts showed no increased expression, and only the level of the Th2 cytokine IL-13 was increased following secondary E. maxima infection. Increases in intestinal T cell subpopulations following E. maxima infection also were detected. CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) cells were significantly increased at days 8, 6, and 7 post-primary infection, respectively, but only CD4(+) cells remained elevated following secondary infection. TCR1(+) cells exhibited a biphasic pattern following primary infection, whereas TCR2(+) cells displayed a single peak in levels. Taken together, these data indicate a global chicken intestinal immune response is produced following experimental Eimeria infection involving multiple cytokines, chemokines, and T cell subsets.
球虫病是家禽的一种主要肠道寄生虫病，可诱导针对该疾病病原体艾美耳球虫的细胞介导免疫反应。在当前研究中，检测了巨型艾美耳球虫感染后肠道上皮内淋巴细胞（IELs）中编码促炎细胞因子、Th1细胞因子和Th2细胞因子以及趋化因子的基因转录本的表达水平。此外，还对巨型艾美耳球虫感染后IEL数量的变化进行了定量分析。初次寄生虫感染后，促炎细胞因子和Th1细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-12、IL-15、IL-17和IL-18的转录本增加了66至8×10⁷倍。同样，Th2细胞因子IL-3、IL-10、IL-13和GM-CSF的mRNA水平上调了34至8800倍，趋化因子IL-8、淋巴细胞趋化因子、MIF和K203增加了42至1756倍。相比之下，IFN-α、TGF-β4和K60转录本未显示表达增加，并且仅在第二次巨型艾美耳球虫感染后Th2细胞因子IL-13的水平增加。还检测到巨型艾美耳球虫感染后肠道T细胞亚群的增加。初次感染后第8天、第6天和第7天，CD3⁺、CD4⁺和CD8⁺细胞分别显著增加，但二次感染后仅CD4⁺细胞仍保持升高。TCR1⁺细胞在初次感染后呈现双相模式，而TCR2⁺细胞水平呈现单峰。综上所述，这些数据表明，实验性艾美耳球虫感染后会产生涉及多种细胞因子、趋化因子和T细胞亚群的全身性鸡肠道免疫反应。
