Quan Ying-Chun, Sun Xiao-Wen, Liang Li-Qun
Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2006 Oct;33(10):908-16. doi: 10.1016/S0379-4172(06)60125-X.
In this article, population variations and genetic structures of two populations of northern sheatfish (Silurus soldatovi) were analyzed using 24 microsatellite loci enriched from southern catfish (S. meriaionalis Chen) by magnetic beads. Gene frequency (P), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information contents (PIC), and number of effective alleles (Ne) were determined. One population was wild, ripe individuals collected from Heilongjiang River (HNS); the other was cultured fry collected from Songhuajiang River (SNS). The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was tested by the genetic departure index (d). The coefficient of gene differentiation G(ST) and Phi(ST) by AMOVA (Analysis of Molecular Variety) was imputed using Arlequin software in this study. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was constructed by UPGMA method based on the pairwise Nei's standard distances using PHYLIP. A total of 1,357 fragments with sizes ranging between 102 bp and 385 bp were acquired by PCR amplifications. The average number of alleles of the two populations was 8.875. Results indicated that these microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic and could be used as genetic markers. The mean values of the parameters P, Ho, He, PIC, and Ne were 0.165, 0.435, 0.758, 0.742, and 5.019 for HNS and 0.147, 0.299, 0.847, 0.764, and 5.944 for SNS, respectively. Although there were differences, there were no significant differentiations except for the locus HLJcf37. These populations to a certain extent deviated from HWE, such as excessive and deficient heterozygote numbers. The value of G(ST) was 0.078 and above 98% of the variation were differences among individuals within the population, so the variation between populations was insignificant. Cluster analysis also showed that the relationships among individuals were very close. In conclusion, the microsatellite markers that were developed through this study are useful for genetic analysis and the genetic culture that was proposed in this study has no significant impact on S. soldatovi.
本文利用磁珠从南方鲇（Silurus meriaionalis Chen）富集的24个微卫星位点，对两个怀头鲇（Silurus soldatovi）群体的群体变异和遗传结构进行了分析。测定了基因频率（P）、观察杂合度（Ho）、期望杂合度（He）、多态信息含量（PIC）和有效等位基因数（Ne）。一个群体是从黑龙江采集的野生成熟个体（HNS）；另一个群体是从松花江采集的养殖鱼苗（SNS）。通过遗传偏离指数（d）检验哈迪-温伯格平衡（HWE）。本研究使用Arlequin软件估算基于分子方差分析（AMOVA）的基因分化系数G(ST)和Phi(ST)。此外，使用PHYLIP软件基于成对的Nei标准距离，通过UPGMA方法构建了系统发育树。通过PCR扩增共获得1357个片段，大小在102 bp至385 bp之间。两个群体的平均等位基因数为8.875。结果表明，这些微卫星位点具有高度多态性，可作为遗传标记。HNS群体的P、Ho、He、PIC和Ne参数的平均值分别为0.165、0.435、0.758、0.742和5.019，SNS群体的相应参数平均值分别为0.147、0.299、0.847、0.764和5.944。虽然存在差异，但除HLJcf37位点外，没有显著分化。这些群体在一定程度上偏离了HWE，如杂合子数量过多和不足。G(ST)值为0.078，超过98%的变异存在于群体内个体之间，因此群体间变异不显著。聚类分析也表明个体之间的关系非常密切。总之，本研究开发的微卫星标记可用于遗传分析，本研究提出的遗传养殖对怀头鲇没有显著影响。
