Yu Rongjun, Zhou Xiaolin
Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Neuroreport. 2006 Nov 6;17(16):1747-51. doi: 10.1097/01.wnr.0000239960.98813.50.
Previous studies find that the feedback-related negativity in brain potentials is sensitive to the negative outcome of one's own performance. The feedback-related negativity is suggested to reflect the learning processes using feedback about the consequences of recent actions. Learning can also take place when one observes other people's actions and the associated outcomes. We recorded brain potentials while the participant received outcome feedback for their own or for another person's performance in a gambling task. The feedback-related negativity or the feedback-related negativity-like effects were obtained in both situations, suggesting that similar neural mechanisms are involved in evaluating the outcomes of one's own and the other's actions. Thus, the neural processes in learning-by-observation resemble those in learning-by-doing.
以往的研究发现，大脑电位中与反馈相关的负波对自身表现的负面结果很敏感。与反馈相关的负波被认为反映了利用近期行动后果的反馈进行的学习过程。当一个人观察他人的行动及其相关结果时，学习也会发生。我们在参与者接受关于他们自己或他人在赌博任务中的表现的结果反馈时记录了大脑电位。在这两种情况下都获得了与反馈相关的负波或类似与反馈相关的负波的效应，这表明在评估自己和他人行动的结果时涉及类似的神经机制。因此，观察学习中的神经过程类似于实践学习中的神经过程。
