Drury Colin G, Atiles Moises, Chaitanya Mohan, Lin Jui-Feng, Marin Clara, Nasarwanji Mahiyar, Paluszak Doug, Russell Casey, Stone Richard, Sunm Michelle
University at Buffalo SUNY, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Buffalo, NY 14221, USA.
Ergonomics. 2006 Nov 15;49(14):1470-85. doi: 10.1080/00140130600774372.
Perceived exertion and discomfort have been used extensively in ergonomics practice. Job incumbents typically rate their exertion on scales such as Borg's rated perceived effort (RPE) and their discomfort on scales such as Corlett and Bishop's body part discomfort scales (BPD). This study asks whether exertion and discomfort can be perceived by an external observer, i.e. is vicarious perception possible? Four participants (targets) performed 20 postural holding tasks selected from Ovako Working Posture Analysing System postures and gave RPE and BPD scores for each posture. Video clips of each target in each posture were shown to four expert ergonomists and 23 novices, who also gave RPE and BPD scores. Correlations between targets and observers scores were high, with significance exceeding p = 0.01. Observers were generally conservative, rating easy postures too high and difficult postures too low. All observers rated female targets higher than male targets. Female observers rated all targets higher then male observers. Vicarious perception of discomfort and exertion was possible, but there was not a one-to-one correspondence to ratings given by those experiencing the posture.
自觉用力程度和不适感已在人体工程学实践中得到广泛应用。在职人员通常会根据诸如博格的自觉用力评分（RPE）量表来评定自身的用力程度，并依据诸如科利特和毕晓普的身体部位不适度量表（BPD）来评定自身的不适感。本研究探讨的是外部观察者是否能够感知用力程度和不适感，即是否存在替代性感知？四名参与者（目标对象）完成了从奥瓦科工作姿势分析系统姿势中选取的20项姿势保持任务，并针对每个姿势给出了RPE和BPD评分。每个目标对象在每个姿势下的视频片段展示给了四名人体工程学专家和23名新手，他们也给出了RPE和BPD评分。目标对象与观察者评分之间的相关性很高，显著性超过p = 0.01。观察者通常较为保守，对简单姿势的评分过高，对困难姿势的评分过低。所有观察者对女性目标对象的评分高于男性目标对象。女性观察者对所有目标对象的评分高于男性观察者。对不适感和用力程度的替代性感知是可能的，但与经历该姿势者给出的评分并非一一对应。
