Watabe-Uchida Mitsuko, Govek Eve-Ellen, Van Aelst Linda
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
J Neurosci. 2006 Oct 18;26(42):10633-5. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4084-06.2006.
The formation and elaboration of axonal and dendritic morphologies are fundamental aspects of neuronal polarization critical for information processing. In general, developing CNS neurons elaborate one axon and multiple dendrites in response to intracellular and extracellular cues, so as to transmit and receive information, respectively. The molecular mechanisms underlying axon-dendrite polarity are complex and involve the integration of numerous signaling pathways that impinge on the cytoskeleton. One group of proteins, the Rho GTPases, has emerged as key integrators of environmental cues to regulate the underlying axonal and dendritic cytoskeletons. Here, we discuss the role of regulators of the Rac1 GTPase in axon development and highlight the importance of both actin and microtubule remodeling in this process.
轴突和树突形态的形成与细化是神经元极化的基本方面，对信息处理至关重要。一般来说，发育中的中枢神经系统神经元会根据细胞内和细胞外信号线索，细化出一条轴突和多个树突，以便分别传递和接收信息。轴突-树突极性背后的分子机制很复杂，涉及众多作用于细胞骨架的信号通路的整合。一类蛋白质，即Rho GTP酶，已成为环境信号线索的关键整合者，以调节潜在的轴突和树突细胞骨架。在此，我们讨论Rac1 GTP酶调节剂在轴突发育中的作用，并强调肌动蛋白和微管重塑在此过程中的重要性。
