Matt G E, Quintana P J E, Liles S, Hovell M F, Zakarian J M, Jacob P, Benowitz N L
Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
Biomarkers. 2006 Nov-Dec;11(6):507-23. doi: 10.1080/13547500600902458.
The utility of urinary trans-3'-hydroxy cotinine (3HC) as a biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure was investigated in comparison with urinary cotinine (COT), the sum (3HC + COT), and ratio of the two nicotine metabolites (3HC/COT). Participants were 150 ETS exposed children (aged 1-44 months) and their parents. Child urine samples were collected during 3weekly baseline assessments and at interviews administered 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after baseline. Findings indicate that 3HC and COT can be measured reliably (rho = 0.96, 0.88) and show equivalent levels of repeated measures stability (rho = 0.71, 0.75). COT, 3HC, and 3HC + COT showed equally strong associations with air nicotine levels, reported ETS contamination, and reported ETS exposure (r=0.60-0.70). The intraclass correlations of 3HC/COT were lower than those for COT or 3HC. Older children had a higher 3HC/COT ratio than younger children (3.5 versus 2.2), and non-Hispanic White children had a higher ratio than African-American children (3.2 versus 1.9). These findings suggest that COT, 3HC, and 3HC + COT are approximately equivalent and equally strong biomarkers of ETS exposure in children. Moreover, 3HC/COT may provide a useful indicator to investigate age- and race-related differences in the metabolism of COT and 3HC.
为了评估尿中反式-3'-羟基可替宁（3HC）作为环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露生物标志物的效用，将其与尿中可替宁（COT）、两者之和（3HC + COT）以及两种尼古丁代谢物的比值（3HC/COT）进行了比较。研究对象为150名暴露于ETS的儿童（年龄在1至44个月之间）及其父母。在每3周一次的基线评估期间以及基线后3、6、12和18个月进行访谈时收集儿童尿液样本。研究结果表明，3HC和COT能够可靠地检测（rho = 0.96，0.88），并且重复测量稳定性水平相当（rho = 0.71，0.75）。COT、3HC和3HC + COT与空气中尼古丁水平、报告的ETS污染以及报告的ETS暴露均呈现出同样强烈的关联（r = 0.60 - 0.70）。3HC/COT的组内相关性低于COT或3HC。年龄较大的儿童3HC/COT比值高于年龄较小的儿童（3.5对2.2），非西班牙裔白人儿童的比值高于非裔美国儿童（3.2对1.9）。这些研究结果表明，COT、3HC和3HC + COT在儿童ETS暴露方面大致相当且都是同样强大的生物标志物。此外，3HC/COT可能为研究COT和3HC代谢中与年龄和种族相关的差异提供一个有用的指标。
