Kuraishi Y
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 1990 Oct;110(10):711-26. doi: 10.1248/yakushi1947.110.10_711.
Substance P and somatostatin may be transmitters of nociceptive information, which are involved in the transmission of pressure and heat nociceptive information, respectively, in the spinal dorsal horn. Calcitonin gene-related peptide, which is present in the primary sensory neurons having substance P or somatostatin, may function as a pain-promoting substance and be involved in the production of inflammation-induced hyperalgesia. The descending noradrenergic system plays a role in inhibiting nociceptive transmission in the spinal dorsal horn, and inhibits the release of substance P evoked by noxious mechanical stimulation. Persistent noxious stimuli increase the release of Met-enkephalin from the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis, which promotes the activity of the descending noradrenergic system. Morphine activates the descending noradrenergic system, acting on the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis. Morphine also activates the descending serotonergic system, which inhibits the release of somatostatin evoked by thermal noxious stimulation.
P物质和生长抑素可能是伤害性信息的传递者，它们分别参与脊髓背角压力和热伤害性信息的传递。降钙素基因相关肽存在于含有P物质或生长抑素的初级感觉神经元中，可能作为一种促痛物质，并参与炎症诱导的痛觉过敏的产生。下行去甲肾上腺素能系统在抑制脊髓背角的伤害性传递中起作用，并抑制有害机械刺激诱发的P物质释放。持续的有害刺激会增加巨细胞网状核中脑啡肽的释放，从而促进下行去甲肾上腺素能系统的活动。吗啡作用于巨细胞网状核，激活下行去甲肾上腺素能系统。吗啡还激活下行5-羟色胺能系统，该系统抑制热伤害性刺激诱发的生长抑素释放。
