Watson Karol
UCLA Cholesterol, Hypertension, and Atherosclerosis Management Program, University of California, Los Angeles Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2006 Nov;8(6):433-8. doi: 10.1007/s11886-006-0101-3.
The metabolic syndrome describes a clustering of risk factors that predispose individuals to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Abdominal obesity is a key component of the metabolic syndrome, increasing the incidence of insulin resistance, vascular inflammation, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Adipose tissue (now recognized as an endocrine organ) and its hormonal products appear to play a significant role in signaling organs throughout the body in the regulation of fat and glucose metabolism. These mechanisms are clearly involved in the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disease and may also lead to increased surgical risks. The components of the syndrome that are most likely to affect surgical patients are obesity, hypertension, and disorders of glucose metabolism. This article focuses on each of these risk factors, the effects on surgical patients, and strategies to improve outcomes in the perioperative period.
代谢综合征描述了一组使个体易患心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的危险因素聚集。腹部肥胖是代谢综合征的关键组成部分，会增加胰岛素抵抗、血管炎症、血脂异常和高血压的发生率。脂肪组织（现被认为是一个内分泌器官）及其激素产物似乎在调节全身脂肪和葡萄糖代谢的器官信号传导中发挥重要作用。这些机制显然与心血管和代谢疾病的发生有关，也可能导致手术风险增加。该综合征中最有可能影响手术患者的组成部分是肥胖、高血压和葡萄糖代谢紊乱。本文重点关注这些危险因素中的每一个、对手术患者的影响以及改善围手术期结局的策略。
