Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(27):4799-805. doi: 10.2174/1381612811319270002.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension, which are highly associated with increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The association between these metabolic disorders and the development of CVD is believed to be multifactorial, where insulin resistance, oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation and vascular maladaptation act as the major contributors. Therefore, multipronged therapeutic strategies should be taken for the management of patients with MetS. Lifestyle changes including weight control, healthy heart diet and regular exercises have been proposed as first line treatment to decrease CVD risks in MetS individuals. In addition, improving insulin resistance and glucose metabolism, controlling blood pressure as well as modulating dyslipidemia can also delay or reverse the progression of CVD in MetS. This review will first address the complicated interactions between MetS and CVD¸ followed by discussion about the optimal strategy in the prevention and treatment of CVD in MetS patients and the updated results from newly released clinical trials.
代谢综合征（MetS）的特征是一组心血管危险因素，包括中心性肥胖、高血糖、血脂异常和高血压，这些因素与心血管疾病（CVD）的发病率和死亡率增加密切相关。这些代谢紊乱与 CVD 发展之间的关联被认为是多因素的，其中胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激、低度炎症和血管适应不良是主要因素。因此，应采取多管齐下的治疗策略来管理 MetS 患者。生活方式的改变，包括控制体重、健康心脏饮食和定期运动，已被提议作为降低 MetS 个体 CVD 风险的一线治疗方法。此外，改善胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖代谢、控制血压以及调节血脂异常也可以延缓或逆转 MetS 患者 CVD 的进展。这篇综述将首先讨论 MetS 和 CVD 之间复杂的相互作用，然后讨论在 MetS 患者 CVD 的预防和治疗中的最佳策略，以及新发布的临床试验的最新结果。
