Bersot Thomas, Haffner Steven, Harris William S, Kellick Kenneth A, Morris Charlene M
Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Fam Pract. 2006 Jul;55(7):S1-8.
Elevated triglycerides are now considered an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease and continue to be a major risk for acute pancreatitis, especially when levels exceed 1000 mg/dL (SOR: B). Elevated triglycerides are a component of atherogenic dyslipidemia and often signal the presence of other conditions (eg, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus) associated with an increased cardiovascular risk (SOR: A). When evaluating a patient with elevated triglycerides, it is important to be cognizant of all atherogenic lipoproteins to more accurately determine the risk of coronary heart disease (SOR: C). Patients with hypertriglyceridemia should first achieve their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal, followed by their non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal (SOR: C). Fibrates, niacin, and omega-3 acid ethyl esters are highly effective at reducing triglycerides, while statins are considered moderately efficacious (SOR: A).
目前，甘油三酯升高被视为冠心病的独立危险因素，并且仍然是急性胰腺炎的主要风险因素，尤其是当甘油三酯水平超过1000mg/dL时（推荐强度：B）。甘油三酯升高是致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常的一个组成部分，常提示存在其他与心血管风险增加相关的疾病（如代谢综合征、2型糖尿病）（推荐强度：A）。在评估甘油三酯升高的患者时，了解所有致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白以更准确地确定冠心病风险很重要（推荐强度：C）。高甘油三酯血症患者应首先实现其低密度脂蛋白胆固醇目标，其次是实现其非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇目标（推荐强度：C）。贝特类药物、烟酸和ω-3酸乙酯在降低甘油三酯方面非常有效，而他汀类药物被认为疗效中等（推荐强度：A）。
