Minelli Giovanna, D'Ambra Katia, Macchioni Paolo, Lo Fiego Domenico Pietro
Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Interdepartmental Research Centre for Agri-Food Biological Resources Improvement and Valorisation (BIOGEST-SITEIA), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, P. le Europa, 1, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Foods. 2023 Nov 12;12(22):4106. doi: 10.3390/foods12224106.
The effects of different dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratios and gender on key carcass traits, as well as the nutritional and technological quality of lipids in medium-heavy pig tissues have been poorly studied. To investigate the subject, 24 Large White, barrows and gilts, evenly divided into two groups of 12, were fed from 80 kg of live-weight (LW) until slaughter at 150 kg LW, either a high (9.7:1) (HPR) or low (1.4:1) (LPR) dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. On individual samples of longissimus thoracis muscle (LTM), subcutaneous (SF) and perirenal (PF) adipose tissues (ATs), the fatty acid (FA) composition was determined by gas chromatography, and lipid nutritional indices (LNIs) were calculated. The oxidative stability of meat was evaluated by determining the malondialdehyde content on raw and cooked (24 h postmortem) and refrigerated (8 days postmortem) LTM samples. The carcass traits did not vary between genders and diets. The LPR group showed a higher n-3 PUFA level and a lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in all the tissues examined and better LNI, especially in the ATs. Diet did not affect the oxidative stability of meat. Gender did not influence the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, while barrows showed improvements in some LNI in ATs. Reducing the n-6/n-3 ratio in the diet of growing-finishing medium-heavy pigs improved the FA profile in all tissues and most LNI in ATs without impairing the oxidative stability of meat.
不同膳食n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比例和性别对中重型猪关键胴体性状以及猪组织中脂质的营养和技术品质的影响尚未得到充分研究。为了探究这一课题,将24头大白猪(阉公猪和小母猪)平均分为两组,每组12头,从80千克活重(LW)开始饲养,直至达到150千克LW体重时屠宰,分别饲喂高(9.7:1)(HPR)或低(1.4:1)(LPR)膳食n-6/n-3 PUFA比例的饲料。在胸最长肌(LTM)、皮下(SF)和肾周(PF)脂肪组织(AT)的个体样本上,通过气相色谱法测定脂肪酸(FA)组成,并计算脂质营养指数(LNI)。通过测定生肉和熟肉(宰后24小时)以及冷藏(宰后8天)的LTM样本中的丙二醛含量来评估肉的氧化稳定性。胴体性状在性别和日粮之间没有差异。LPR组在所有检测组织中显示出较高的n-3 PUFA水平和较低的n-6/n-3 PUFA比例,以及更好的LNI,尤其是在脂肪组织中。日粮对肉的氧化稳定性没有影响。性别不影响n-6/n-3 PUFA比例,而阉公猪在脂肪组织中的一些LNI有所改善。降低生长育肥中重型猪日粮中的n-6/n-3比例可改善所有组织中的脂肪酸谱以及脂肪组织中的大多数LNI,而不会损害肉的氧化稳定性。