Sloboda Deborah M, Hart Roger, Doherty Dorota A, Pennell Craig E, Hickey Martha
School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan;92(1):46-50. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-1378. Epub 2006 Oct 24.
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of birth weight and postnatal weight gain on age at menarche.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a prospective cohort study where girls from the West Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort Study were followed prospectively from fetal life (18 wk of pregnancy) to adolescence (12-14 yr).
Age at menarche was the main outcome measure.
Growth status at birth was judged by expected birth weight ratio (EBW; a ratio of observed infant's birth weight over median birth weight appropriate for maternal age, weight, height, parity, infant sex, and gestational age). Postnatal growth status was judged by body mass index (BMI). Both EBW (P = 0.020) and BMI in childhood (8 yr of age) (P < 0.001) were associated with age at menarche. Menarche occurred earlier in girls with lower EBW and higher BMI.
We have demonstrated for the first time that both birth weight and weight gain in childhood are associated with age at menarche. Weight gain before birth and subsequent weight gain up to the age of 8 yr were found to have opposing influences on the timing of menarche. Lower EBW combined with higher BMI during childhood predicted early age at menarche, and this relationship existed across normal birth weight and BMI ranges.
本研究的目的是确定出生体重和出生后体重增加对月经初潮年龄的影响。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项前瞻性队列研究，西澳大利亚孕期（雷恩）队列研究中的女孩从胎儿期（妊娠18周）到青春期（12 - 14岁）进行前瞻性随访。
月经初潮年龄是主要结局指标。
出生时的生长状况通过预期出生体重比（EBW；观察到的婴儿出生体重与根据母亲年龄、体重、身高、产次、婴儿性别和孕周计算的中位数出生体重之比）来判断。出生后的生长状况通过体重指数（BMI）来判断。EBW（P = 0.020）和儿童期（8岁时）的BMI（P < 0.001）均与月经初潮年龄相关。月经初潮在EBW较低和BMI较高的女孩中出现得更早。
我们首次证明出生体重和儿童期体重增加均与月经初潮年龄相关。出生前体重增加以及直至8岁的后续体重增加对月经初潮时间有相反影响。儿童期较低的EBW与较高的BMI预示着月经初潮年龄较早，并且这种关系在正常出生体重和BMI范围内均存在。
