Rajkowska Grazyna, O'Dwyer Gillian, Teleki Zsofia, Stockmeier Craig A, Miguel-Hidalgo Jose Javier
Department of Psychiatry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2007 Feb;32(2):471-82. doi: 10.1038/sj.npp.1301234. Epub 2006 Oct 25.
Post-mortem morphometric studies report reductions in the average density and size of cortical neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (ORB) in major depressive disorder (MDD). The contribution of specific neuronal phenotypes to this general pathology in depression is still unclear. Post-mortem sections from the dlPFC and ORB regions of 14 subjects with MDD and 11 controls were immunostained to visualize calbindin-immunoreactive (CB-IR) and parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV-IR) presumptive GABAergic neurons. A three-dimensional cell counting probe was used to assess the cell packing density and size of CB-IR neurons in layers II+IIIa and PV-IR neurons in layers III-VI. The density of CB-IR neurons was significantly reduced by 50% in depression in the dlPFC and there was a trend toward reduction in the ORB. The size of CB-IR somata was significantly decreased (18%) in depression in the dlPFC with a trend toward reduction in the ORB. In contrast, there was no difference in the density of PV-IR neurons between the depressed and control groups in the dlPFC. The size of PV-IR neuronal soma was unchanged in depressed compared to control subjects in either dlPFC or ORB. In depression, subpopulations of GABAergic neurons may be affected differently in dlPFC and ORB. A significant reduction in the density and size of GABAergic interneurons immunoreactive for calcium binding proteins was found predominantly in the dlPFC region. These cellular changes are consistent with recent neuroimaging studies revealing a reduction in the cortical levels of GABA in depression.
尸检形态计量学研究报告称，在重度抑郁症（MDD）中，背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）和眶额叶皮层（ORB）的皮质神经元平均密度和大小有所降低。特定神经元表型对抑郁症这种一般病理学的贡献仍不清楚。对14名患有MDD的受试者和11名对照者的dlPFC和ORB区域的尸检切片进行免疫染色，以可视化钙结合蛋白免疫反应性（CB-IR）和小白蛋白免疫反应性（PV-IR）推定的GABA能神经元。使用三维细胞计数探针评估II+IIIa层中CB-IR神经元以及III-VI层中PV-IR神经元的细胞堆积密度和大小。在抑郁症患者中，dlPFC中CB-IR神经元的密度显著降低了50%，ORB中有降低的趋势。在抑郁症患者中，dlPFC中CB-IR神经元胞体的大小显著减小（18%），ORB中有减小的趋势。相比之下，dlPFC中抑郁症组和对照组之间PV-IR神经元的密度没有差异。与对照组相比，抑郁症患者dlPFC或ORB中PV-IR神经元胞体的大小没有变化。在抑郁症中，dlPFC和ORB中GABA能神经元亚群可能受到不同影响。主要在dlPFC区域发现，对钙结合蛋白免疫反应的GABA能中间神经元的密度和大小显著降低。这些细胞变化与最近的神经影像学研究结果一致，该研究显示抑郁症患者皮质中GABA水平降低。
