Division of Infectious Diseases, Harper University Hospital, 3990 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2006 Nov;8(6):427-33. doi: 10.1007/s11908-006-0016-6.
The last three decades have seen an expanding pool of high-risk patients susceptible to the opportunistic pathogen Candida. Accordingly, a dramatic increase in nosocomial blood stream infections (BSIs) due to Candida spp has been reported throughout the world, starting in tertiary care centers and spreading to community hospitals. This absolute increase in Candida BSIs was accompanied by both an absolute and then a proportional increase in invasive infection caused by reduced fluconazole-susceptible non-albicans Candida spp. Currently, the incidence trend of BSI has stabilized, and Candida albicans remains the most common species causing fungal BSI. Clinicians must be aware of the importance and implications of non-albicans Candida spp when selecting antifungal drugs, although most studies have not shown significant outcome differences with use of the various antifungal classes.
过去三十年，高危人群中易感染机会性病原体念珠菌的人数不断增加。因此，世界各地报告的念珠菌引起的医院获得性血流感染（BSI）急剧增加，从三级护理中心开始，并蔓延至社区医院。念珠菌 BSIs 的绝对增加伴随着氟康唑敏感性非白念珠菌念珠菌引起的侵袭性感染的绝对和相对增加。目前，BSI 的发病率趋势已经稳定，白色念珠菌仍然是引起真菌性 BSI 的最常见物种。临床医生在选择抗真菌药物时必须意识到非白念珠菌念珠菌的重要性和影响，尽管大多数研究并未显示使用各种抗真菌药物类别有显著的临床结局差异。
