Janssen Thomas, Niedermeyer H P, Arnold W
Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik, Technische Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Deutschland.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2006;68(6):334-9. doi: 10.1159/000095275. Epub 2006 Oct 26.
Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) growth functions reflect the active nonlinear cochlear sound processing when using a primary-tone setting which accounts for the different compressions of the two primaries at the DPOAE generation site and hence provide a measure for objectively assessing cochlear sensitivity and compression. DPOAE thresholds can be derived from extrapolated DPOAE input/output (I/O) functions independently of the noise floor and consequently can serve as a unique measure for reading DPOAE measurements. The thus-estimated DPOAE thresholds exhibit a close correspondence to behavior audiometric thresholds and thus can be used for reconstructing an audiogram, i.e., a DPOAE audiogram. The DPOAE I/O functions' slope increases with cochlear hearing loss and thus provides a measure for assessing recruitment. Hence, DPOAE I/O functions can give more information for diagnostic purposes than those of DP grams, transiently evoked OAEs (TEOAEs), or auditory brain stem responses (ABRs). DPOAE audiograms can be applied in pediatric audiology to assess cochlear dysfunction in a couple of minutes. In newborn hearing screening, they are able to detect transitory sound-conductive hearing loss and thus can help to reduce the rate of false-positive TEOAE responses in the early postnatal period. Since DPOAE I/O functions are correlated with loudness functions, DPOAEs offer the possibility of basic hearing aid adjustments, especially in infants and children. Extrapolated DPOAE I/O functions provide a tool for a fast automated frequency-specific and quantitative evaluation of hearing loss.
畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）增长函数反映了在使用主音设置时耳蜗的主动非线性声音处理，该设置考虑了两个主音在DPOAE产生部位的不同压缩情况，因此提供了一种客观评估耳蜗敏感性和压缩的方法。DPOAE阈值可以从外推的DPOAE输入/输出（I/O）函数中得出，与本底噪声无关，因此可以作为读取DPOAE测量值的独特方法。如此估计的DPOAE阈值与行为测听阈值密切相关，因此可用于重建听力图，即DPOAE听力图。DPOAE I/O函数的斜率随耳蜗听力损失而增加，因此提供了一种评估重振的方法。因此，与DP图、瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）或听觉脑干反应（ABR）相比，DPOAE I/O函数可为诊断目的提供更多信息。DPOAE听力图可应用于小儿听力学，在几分钟内评估耳蜗功能障碍。在新生儿听力筛查中，它们能够检测短暂的传导性听力损失，从而有助于降低出生后早期TEOAE反应的假阳性率。由于DPOAE I/O函数与响度函数相关，DPOAE为基本的助听器调整提供了可能性，尤其是在婴幼儿中。外推的DPOAE I/O函数为快速自动进行频率特异性和定量听力损失评估提供了一种工具。
