Oken Emily, Ning Yi, Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L, Radesky Jenny S, Rich-Edwards Janet W, Gillman Matthew W
Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Nov;108(5):1200-7. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000241088.60745.70.
To investigate associations of physical activity and television viewing before and during pregnancy with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and abnormal glucose tolerance, the combination of GDM with less severe impaired glucose tolerance.
We assessed duration and intensity of physical activity and time spent viewing television both before and during pregnancy among 1,805 women enrolled in Project Viva, a cohort study in eastern Massachusetts. We identified 1,493 (83%) women with normal glucose tolerance and 312 (17%) with abnormal glucose tolerance, including 91 (5%) with GDM based on clinical glucose tolerance test results.
After adjustment for age, race or ethnicity, history of GDM, family history of diabetes, and prepregnancy body mass index, our data suggest that women who engaged in any vigorous physical activity in the year before pregnancy experienced a reduced risk of GDM (odds ratio [OR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33-0.95) and abnormal glucose tolerance (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.57-1.00). Women who reported vigorous activity before pregnancy and light-to-moderate or vigorous activity during pregnancy appeared to have a lower risk of both GDM (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-1.01) and abnormal glucose tolerance (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.49-1.01) compared with women reporting these activities in neither time period. Walking and total physical activity provided modest benefits. We observed no association of television viewing before or during pregnancy with risk of GDM or abnormal glucose tolerance.
Physical activity, especially vigorous activity before pregnancy and at least light-to-moderate activity during pregnancy, may reduce risk for abnormal glucose tolerance and GDM.
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探讨孕前及孕期的身体活动和看电视情况与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）风险及糖耐量异常（GDM与较轻程度糖耐量受损的组合）之间的关联。
我们在马萨诸塞州东部的一项队列研究“活力计划”中，评估了1805名女性孕前及孕期的身体活动持续时间和强度以及看电视的时间。我们根据临床糖耐量试验结果，确定了1493名（83%）糖耐量正常的女性和312名（17%）糖耐量异常的女性，其中91名（5%）患有GDM。
在调整年龄、种族或族裔、GDM病史、糖尿病家族史和孕前体重指数后，我们的数据表明，孕前一年进行任何剧烈身体活动的女性患GDM的风险降低（优势比[OR]为0.56，95%置信区间[CI]为0.33 - 0.95），糖耐量异常的风险也降低（OR为0.76，95% CI为0.57 - 1.00）。与在两个时间段均未报告这些活动的女性相比，孕前报告剧烈活动且孕期报告轻度至中度或剧烈活动的女性，患GDM（OR为0.49，95% CI为0.24 - 1.01）和糖耐量异常（OR为0.70，95% CI为0.49 - 1.01）的风险似乎更低。步行和总体身体活动有一定益处。我们未观察到孕前或孕期看电视与GDM风险或糖耐量异常之间存在关联。
身体活动，尤其是孕前的剧烈活动以及孕期至少轻度至中度的活动，可能会降低糖耐量异常和GDM的风险。
II - 2。
