以患者为中心的护理框架的开发。

Development of a framework for person-centred nursing.

作者信息

McCormack Brendan, McCance Tanya V

机构信息

Professor of Nursing Research/Director of Nursing Research and Practice Development, University of Ulster and Royal Hospitals Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

出版信息

J Adv Nurs. 2006 Dec;56(5):472-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04042.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04042.x

PMID:17078823

Abstract

UNLABELLED

This paper presents the development and content of a person-centred nursing framework.

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE

Person-centred is a widely used concept in nursing and health care generally, and a range of literature articulates key components of person-centred nursing. This evidence base highlights the links between this approach and previous work on therapeutic caring.

METHODS

The framework was developed through an iterative process and involved a series of systematic steps to combine two existing conceptual frameworks derived from empirical studies. The process included the mapping of original conceptual frameworks against the person-centred nursing and caring literature, critical dialogue to develop a combined framework, and focus groups with practitioners and co-researchers in a larger person-centred nursing development and research project to test its face validity.

FINDINGS

The person-centred nursing framework comprises four constructs -prerequisites, which focus on the attributes of the nurse; the care environment, which focuses on the context in which care is delivered; person-centred processes, which focus on delivering care through a range of activities; and expected outcomes, which are the results of effective person-centred nursing. The relationship between the constructs suggests that, to deliver person-centred outcomes, account must be taken of the prerequisites and the care environment that are necessary for providing effective care through the care processes.

CONCLUSION

The framework described here has been tested in a development and research project in an acute hospital setting. Whilst there is an increasing empirical base for person-centred nursing, as yet little research has been undertaken to determine its outcomes for patients and nurses. The framework developed can be described as a mid-range theory. Further testing of the framework through empirical research is required to establish its utility for nursing practice and research.

摘要

未标注

本文介绍了以患者为中心的护理框架的发展及内容。

背景与理论依据

以患者为中心是护理及医疗保健领域普遍广泛使用的概念，一系列文献阐述了以患者为中心护理的关键组成部分。这一证据基础凸显了该方法与先前治疗性护理工作之间的联系。

方法

该框架通过迭代过程得以发展，涉及一系列系统步骤，将源自实证研究的两个现有概念框架进行整合。该过程包括对照以患者为中心的护理及关怀文献对原始概念框架进行映射、开展批判性对话以形成综合框架，以及在一个更大的以患者为中心的护理发展与研究项目中与从业者和共同研究者进行焦点小组讨论以检验其表面效度。

研究结果

以患者为中心的护理框架包含四个构成要素——先决条件，聚焦于护士的属性；护理环境，聚焦于提供护理的背景；以患者为中心的过程，聚焦于通过一系列活动提供护理；预期结果，即有效的以患者为中心护理的结果。这些构成要素之间的关系表明，为实现以患者为中心的结果，必须考虑通过护理过程提供有效护理所需的先决条件和护理环境。