Edberg Anna-Karin, Backman Annica
Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2025 Jul 21;14:e76185. doi: 10.2196/76185.
Although the benefits of person-centered care (PCC) are widely recognized, there is a lack of empirical research on how PCC is best developed and implemented by the leaders responsible for driving such initiatives. To achieve meaningful change and ensure the sustainability of PCC practices, it is crucial to understand how leaders can foster care environments rooted in person-centered values while managing operational challenges. This knowledge gap highlights the need for an in-depth exploration of the conceptual foundations, experiences, mechanisms, strategies, and outcomes of person-centered leadership (PCL) to design an intervention for strengthening such leadership.
The Person-Centered Care and Leadership in Residential Care Facilities (PERLE) study aims to (1) explore and develop tools to measure PCL; (2) develop, test, implement, and investigate the effects of an intervention to strengthen PCL in residential care facilities (RCFs) for older people; and (3) generate knowledge about the process of development and implementation of the intervention.
The PERLE study builds on the Medical Research Council framework for the development of complex interventions. It includes several studies with exploratory, descriptive, correlational, and quasi-experimental designs and is based on the research group's previous research on PCL. The project is composed of 5 work packages (WPs). Each WP includes research questions with different samples; data collection; and methodological approaches, such as qualitative, mixed methods, and quantitative studies. As this project involves sensitive issues, a high level of ethical awareness was maintained throughout. The primary challenge is the possible interference with participants' work time, which could otherwise be devoted to supporting older people and staff. Nevertheless, the involvement of leaders and staff can lead to valuable knowledge that can improve the quality of PCC. Participants will be provided with both oral and written information about the study and assured of their right to withdraw at any time without providing a reason.
As of July 2025, 6 studies in WP I have been conducted, and one is in progress. The conducted studies address leaders' understanding of PCC, the meaning of PCL in RCFs from the perspective of leaders, the ethical challenges in providing PCC during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the cultural adaptation of the aged care clinical leadership qualities framework.
This project aims to provide new insights into the support that first-line managers need to advance PCC in RCFs, highlight their specific challenges, and create tailored support measures for the implementation of PCL. The intervention could potentially reduce staff turnover and related costs while supporting leadership training and education to benefit future leaders in aged care, which may be important from an international perspective.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/76185.
尽管以人为主的护理（PCC）的益处已得到广泛认可，但对于负责推动此类举措的领导者如何最好地发展和实施PCC，缺乏实证研究。为了实现有意义的变革并确保PCC实践的可持续性，了解领导者如何在应对运营挑战的同时营造以人为主价值观为根基的护理环境至关重要。这一知识空白凸显了深入探索以人为主的领导力（PCL）的概念基础、经验、机制、策略和成果以设计加强此类领导力的干预措施的必要性。
老年护理机构中的以人为主的护理与领导力（PERLE）研究旨在：（1）探索并开发测量PCL的工具；（2）开发、测试、实施并调查一项旨在加强老年人居住护理机构（RCF）中PCL的干预措施的效果；（3）生成关于该干预措施开发与实施过程的知识。
PERLE研究基于医学研究理事会关于复杂干预措施开发的框架。它包括多项具有探索性、描述性、相关性和准实验性设计的研究，并基于该研究团队之前关于PCL的研究。该项目由5个工作包（WP）组成。每个WP都包括针对不同样本的研究问题、数据收集以及定性、混合方法和定量研究等方法。由于该项目涉及敏感问题，自始至终都保持了高度的伦理意识。主要挑战在于可能会干扰参与者的工作时间，而这些时间原本可用于照顾老年人和工作人员。尽管如此，领导者和工作人员的参与能够带来有助于提高PCC质量的宝贵知识。将向参与者提供关于该研究的口头和书面信息，并确保他们有权随时退出且无需说明理由。
截至2025年7月，工作包I中的6项研究已开展，1项正在进行。已开展的研究涉及领导者对PCC的理解、从领导者角度看RCF中PCL的意义、COVID - 19大流行期间提供PCC时的伦理挑战以及老年护理临床领导素质框架的文化适应性。
该项目旨在为一线管理人员推进RCF中的PCC所需的支持提供新见解，突出他们的具体挑战，并为实施PCL制定量身定制的支持措施。该干预措施有可能减少员工流动率和相关成本，同时支持领导力培训和教育，以使老年护理领域的未来领导者受益，从国际视角来看这可能很重要。
国际注册报告标识符（IRRID）：DERR1 - 10.2196/76185。
