Gonzalez-Rey Elena, Delgado Mario
Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine, CSIC, Granada, Spain.
Drug News Perspect. 2006 Sep;19(7):393-9. doi: 10.1358/dnp.2006.19.7.1021490.
The induction of immune tolerance is critical for the prevention of autoimmunity and the maintenance of immune homeostasis. The identification of factors involved in the maintenance or restoration of such tolerance has become the focus of new therapies for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Cortistatin, a recently discovered cyclic neuropeptide related to somatostatin, has emerged as a potential endogenous antiinflammatory factor based on its production by, as well as its binding to, immune cells. Thus, cortistatin has been found to downregulate the inflammatory response mediated by activated macrophages. The present work reviews various recent studies involving different experimental models of sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, demonstrating that cortistatin treatment offers great benefits at both the clinical and pathological levels. These include the downregulation of both inflammatory and Th1-mediated autoimmune disease components and the emergence of regulatory T cells (Treg) that suppress autoreactive T cells, both of which contribute to the restoration of immune tolerance. While many questions need to be resolved, cortistatin appears to be an exciting and promising candidate for the treatment of several chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune disorders.
免疫耐受的诱导对于预防自身免疫和维持免疫稳态至关重要。识别参与维持或恢复这种耐受的因素已成为炎症性和自身免疫性疾病新疗法的焦点。可体他汀是一种最近发现的与生长抑素相关的环肽，基于其在免疫细胞中的产生以及与免疫细胞的结合，已成为一种潜在的内源性抗炎因子。因此，已发现可体他汀可下调活化巨噬细胞介导的炎症反应。本研究综述了最近涉及脓毒症、类风湿性关节炎和炎症性肠病等不同实验模型的各种研究，表明可体他汀治疗在临床和病理水平上均带来巨大益处。这些益处包括下调炎症和Th1介导的自身免疫性疾病成分，以及出现抑制自身反应性T细胞的调节性T细胞（Treg），这两者都有助于免疫耐受的恢复。虽然许多问题有待解决，但可体他汀似乎是治疗几种慢性炎症性疾病和自身免疫性疾病的一个令人兴奋且有前景的候选药物。
