Hellström Per M, Grybäck Per, Jacobsson Hans
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2006 Sep;20(3):397-407. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2006.02.002.
The gastric emptying rate is a carefully regulated process consisting of different mathematically defined phases. The gastric metabolic load, as well as neural regulatory mechanisms and hormonal influences, cooperate in order to achieve a well-balanced emptying of contents from the stomach into the duodenum for absorption in the small intestine. This finely tuned regulation is primarily regulated by the release of gastrointestinal peptide hormones which serve to counteract the emptying process in the fed state and to stimulate sweeping contractions in the fasted state, most likely in order to prepare the stomach for another meal. We have found that the two peptide hormones ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide- I (GLP- I) have a great impact on the regulation of gastric emptying: ghrelin is a most potent stimulator of gastric contractions and emptying, and GLP- I profoundly inhibits this emptying process. These data suggest possibilities for governing the rate of gastric emptying as a natural step in achieving metabolic balance and control.
胃排空率是一个受到精细调节的过程，由不同数学定义的阶段组成。胃代谢负荷以及神经调节机制和激素影响共同协作，以实现胃内容物均衡地排入十二指肠以便在小肠中吸收。这种精确调节主要由胃肠肽激素的释放来调控，这些激素在进食状态下会抵消排空过程，而在禁食状态下会刺激推进性收缩，很可能是为胃接受另一餐做准备。我们发现，两种肽激素胃饥饿素和胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）对胃排空的调节有很大影响：胃饥饿素是胃收缩和排空的最有效刺激物，而GLP-1则深刻抑制这种排空过程。这些数据表明，控制胃排空率作为实现代谢平衡和控制的自然步骤具有可能性。
