Surbone Antonella
Teaching Research Development Department, European School of Oncology, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Lancet Oncol. 2006 Nov;7(11):944-50. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(06)70941-X.
Attitudes and practices of truth-telling to people with cancer have shifted substantially in the past few years. However, cultural and individual differences persist, and some difficulties common to all medical specialties are magnified in oncology. In this Personal View, I review and analyse data for attitudes and practices of truth-telling worldwide. I also assess ethical justifications, with special reference to interpersonal aspects of patients' autonomy and the dynamic nature of truth in the clinical context. Examples are provided to show how this ethical perspective can help oncologists to frame the discourse on truth-telling and to find solutions to the dilemmas of whether, when, and how to tell the truth to their patients in clinical practice. Finally, I identify future targets for research.
在过去几年里，向癌症患者告知真相的态度和做法发生了显著转变。然而，文化和个体差异依然存在，并且所有医学专科共有的一些困难在肿瘤学领域被放大。在这篇个人观点文章中，我回顾并分析了全球范围内关于告知真相的态度和做法的数据。我还评估了伦理依据，特别提及患者自主权的人际方面以及临床环境中真相的动态性质。文中给出了一些例子，以说明这种伦理视角如何能够帮助肿瘤学家构建关于告知真相的论述，并在临床实践中找到有关是否、何时以及如何向患者告知真相这一困境的解决方案。最后，我确定了未来的研究目标。
