Freyssenet Damien
Unité Physiologie et Physiopathologie de l'Exercice et Handicap, EA3062, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Feb;102(2):529-40. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01126.2005. Epub 2006 Nov 2.
Major modifications in energy homeostasis occur in skeletal muscle during exercise. Emerging evidence suggests that changes in energy homeostasis take part in the regulation of gene expression and contribute to muscle plasticity. A number of energy-sensing molecules have been shown to sense variations in energy homeostasis and trigger regulation of gene expression. The AMP-activated protein kinase, hypoxia-inducible factor 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and Sirt1 proteins all contribute to altering skeletal muscle gene expression by sensing changes in the concentrations of AMP, molecular oxygen, intracellular free fatty acids, and NAD+, respectively. These molecules may therefore sense information relating to the intensity, duration, and frequency of muscle exercise. Mitochondria also contribute to the overall response, both by modulating the response of energy-sensing molecules and by generating their own signals. This review seeks to examine our current understanding of the roles that energy-sensing molecules and mitochondria can play in the regulation of gene expression in skeletal muscle.
运动期间，骨骼肌的能量平衡会发生重大变化。新出现的证据表明，能量平衡的变化参与基因表达的调控，并有助于肌肉可塑性。已证实一些能量感应分子可感知能量平衡的变化并触发基因表达调控。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶、缺氧诱导因子1、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体和Sirt1蛋白分别通过感知AMP、分子氧、细胞内游离脂肪酸和NAD⁺浓度的变化，都有助于改变骨骼肌基因表达。因此，这些分子可能感知与肌肉运动的强度、持续时间和频率相关的信息。线粒体也通过调节能量感应分子的反应和产生自身信号，对整体反应做出贡献。本综述旨在探讨我们目前对能量感应分子和线粒体在骨骼肌基因表达调控中所起作用的理解。
