Sansone Carol, Thoman Dustin B
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
J Pers. 2006 Dec;74(6):1697-720. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00425.x.
Typically, models of self-regulation include motivation in terms of goals. Motivation is proposed to differ among individuals as a consequence of the goals they hold as well as how much they value those goals and expect to attain them. We suggest that goal-defined motivation is only one source of motivation critical for sustained engagement. A second source is the motivation that arises from the degree of interest experienced in the process of goal pursuit. Our model integrates both sources of motivation within the goal-striving process and suggests that individuals may actively monitor and regulate them. Conceptualizing motivation in terms of a self-regulatory process provides an organizing framework for understanding how individuals might differ in whether they experience interest while working toward goals, whether they persist without interest, and whether and how they try to create interest. We first present the self-regulation of motivation model and then review research illustrating how the consideration of individual differences at different points in the process allows a better understanding of variability in people's choices, efforts, and persistence over time.
通常，自我调节模型包括目标方面的动机。由于个体所持有的目标以及他们对这些目标的重视程度和期望实现的程度不同，动机被认为因人而异。我们认为，目标定义的动机只是持续参与至关重要的动机来源之一。第二个来源是在目标追求过程中体验到的兴趣程度所产生的动机。我们的模型在目标追求过程中整合了这两种动机来源，并表明个体可能会积极地监控和调节它们。将动机概念化为一个自我调节过程，为理解个体在朝着目标努力时是否体验到兴趣、是否在没有兴趣的情况下坚持以及是否以及如何试图创造兴趣方面可能存在的差异提供了一个组织框架。我们首先介绍动机的自我调节模型，然后回顾相关研究，这些研究说明了在过程中的不同点考虑个体差异如何能更好地理解人们在选择、努力和随时间的坚持方面的变异性。
