Verreault Jonathan, Letcher Robert J, Ropstad Erik, Dahl Ellen, Gabrielsen Geir W
Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø NO-9296, Norway.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2006 Nov;25(11):2990-6. doi: 10.1897/05-634r.1.
Organohalogen contaminants detected globally in avian wildlife, including populations from the Arctic, have been related to various reproductive hormone potencies, and altered hormonal balance and functions. Besides legacy organochlorine (OC) substances, that is, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and OC pesticides and by-products, endocrine-disruptive properties have been defined for chemicals of new and emerging environmental concern, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and metabolically derived products like methylsulfonyl (MeSO2)- and hydroxyl (OH)-PCBs. We investigated the relationships between plasma concentrations of selected legacy OCs, PBDEs, and MeSO2- and OH-PCB metabolites and the circulating reproductive hormones testosterone (T), 17beta-estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4) in incubating male and female glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from the Norwegian Arctic. Principal component and regression analyses demonstrated that P4 levels in male glaucous gulls were associated positively with variations of sum (Y) PCB, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (sigmaDDT), chlordane (sigmaCHL), and sigmaPBDE concentrations, which were the most recalcitrant organohalogens determined in glaucous gulls. No such relationship was found for female glaucous gulls as well as between concentrations of any of the selected organohalogens and levels of T for both sexes. The E2 was not detected in any plasma samples. Present results were highly suggestive that exposure to high organohalogen concentrations in glaucous gulls, particularly the most persistent compound classes, may have the potential to interfere with steroidogenesis and impinge on circulating P4 homeostasis. Because significant effects were found in males exclusively, it cannot be completely ruled out that male glaucous gulls are more sensitive than females to organohalogen-mediated alteration of P4 synthesis and breakdown.
在全球范围内，在包括北极地区鸟类种群在内的野生鸟类中检测到的有机卤素污染物，与各种生殖激素效力以及激素平衡和功能改变有关。除了传统的有机氯（OC）物质，即多氯联苯（PCBs）、OC农药及其副产品外，新出现的具有环境影响的化学物质，如多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）以及代谢衍生产品，如甲基磺酰基（MeSO2）-和羟基（OH）-PCBs，也具有内分泌干扰特性。我们研究了挪威北极地区正在孵卵的雌雄白翅鸥（Larus hyperboreus）血浆中选定的传统OCs、PBDEs以及MeSO2-和OH-PCB代谢物浓度与循环生殖激素睾酮（T）、17β-雌二醇（E2）和孕酮（P4）之间的关系。主成分分析和回归分析表明，雄性白翅鸥体内的P4水平与总（Y）PCB、二氯二苯三氯乙烷（σDDT）、氯丹（σCHL）和σPBDE浓度的变化呈正相关，这些是在白翅鸥体内检测到的最难降解的有机卤素。在雌性白翅鸥中未发现这种关系，并且在选定的任何有机卤素浓度与两性的T水平之间也未发现这种关系。在任何血浆样本中均未检测到E2。目前的结果强烈表明，白翅鸥暴露于高浓度的有机卤素中，尤其是最持久的化合物类别，可能有可能干扰类固醇生成并影响循环P4的稳态。由于仅在雄性中发现了显著影响，因此不能完全排除雄性白翅鸥比雌性对白翅鸥体内有机卤素介导的P4合成和分解改变更敏感的可能性。
