Amoroso Pier Francesco, Adams Robert J, Waters Mark G J, Williams David W
Department of Oral Surgery, Medicine & Pathology, Dental School, Cardiff University Cardiff, UK.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006 Dec;17(6):633-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01274.x.
Titanium dental implants are an important treatment option in the replacement of missing teeth. Implant failures can, however, occur and may be promoted by the loss of tissue as a result of local bacterial infection (peri-implantitis).
Bacterial adherence to implant surfaces is believed to be influenced by material surface roughness and surface-free energy parameters. Consequently, the aim of this study was to modify these properties of titanium and identify what effect these modifications had on subsequent bacterial adherence.
In this study, 16 titanium samples of different roughness (R(a) 34.57-449.42 nm) were prepared using specific polishing procedures. A further six samples were chemically altered by argon plasma discharge treatment and immersion in silane solutions to produce different surface hydrophobicities. An in vitro adhesion assay using Porphyromonas gingivalis was used to assess the effect of modification on bacterial adherence.
A significant reduction in adhesion to materials categorised as being 'very smooth' (R(a) 34.57+/-5.79 nm) was evident. This reduction did not occur with 'smooth' (R(a) 155.00+/-33.36 nm), 'rough' (R(a) 223.24+/-9.86 nm) or 'very rough' (R(a) 449.42+/-32.97 nm) surfaces. Changing material surface hydrophobicity was also not found to effect bacterial adhesion.
Adhesion of P. gingivalis to titanium was inhibited at surface roughness levels below those generally encountered for implant collars/abutments (R(a) 350 nm). Considerations of these findings may be beneficial in the production of titanium implants in order to reduce bacterial colonisation.
钛牙种植体是缺失牙修复的重要治疗选择。然而，种植体可能会失败，局部细菌感染（种植体周围炎）导致的组织丧失可能会促使其发生。
据信细菌在种植体表面的黏附受材料表面粗糙度和表面自由能参数的影响。因此，本研究的目的是改变钛的这些特性，并确定这些改变对后续细菌黏附的影响。
在本研究中，使用特定的抛光程序制备了16个不同粗糙度（R(a) 34.57 - 449.42 nm）的钛样品。另外六个样品通过氩等离子体放电处理和浸入硅烷溶液进行化学改变，以产生不同的表面疏水性。使用牙龈卟啉单胞菌进行体外黏附试验，以评估改性对细菌黏附的影响。
与分类为“非常光滑”（R(a) 34.57±5.79 nm）的材料的黏附力明显降低。“光滑”（R(a) 155.00±33.36 nm）、“粗糙”（R(a) 223.24±9.86 nm）或“非常粗糙”（R(a) 449.42±32.97 nm）表面未出现这种降低。改变材料表面疏水性也未发现影响细菌黏附。
当表面粗糙度低于种植体颈部/基台通常遇到的水平（R(a) 350 nm）时，牙龈卟啉单胞菌对钛的黏附受到抑制。考虑这些发现可能有助于钛种植体的生产，以减少细菌定植。
