Pinhasi R, Shaw P, White B, Ogden A R
School of Human and Life Sciences, Roehampton University, Whiteland's College, London, UK.
Ann Hum Biol. 2006 May-Jun;33(3):372-89. doi: 10.1080/03014460600707503.
Vitamin D deficiency rickets is associated with skeletal deformities including swollen rib junctions, bowing of the legs, and the flaring and fraying of the wrist and long-bone metaphyses. There is, however, scarce information on the direct effect of rickets on skeletal growth in either present or past populations.
The study investigated the effect of vitamin D deficiency rickets on long-bone growth in two post-medieval skeletal populations from East London (Broadgate and Christ Church Spitalfields). Subsequently, inter-population growth variations in relation to non-specific environmental stress (dental enamel defects), industrialization, urbanization and socio-economic status during infancy (birth to 3 years) and early childhood (3-7 years) were examined.
Data on long-bone diaphyseal length dimensions and stress indicators of 234 subadults from Anglo-Saxon, late medieval and post-medieval archaeological skeletal samples were analysed using both linear and non-linear growth models.
Rickets had no effect on the growth curves for any of the long bones studied. However, pronounced variations in growth between the four populations were noted, mainly during infancy. The diaphyseal length of long bones of Broadgate were significantly smaller-per-age than those of Spitalfields and the other samples up to the age of 4 years, and were associated with a high prevalence of enamel defects during early infancy.
Socio-economic status, rather than urbanization, industrialization or rickets, was the central factor behind the observed differences in growth among the post-medieval populations. The observed inter-population growth variations were only significant during infancy.
维生素D缺乏性佝偻病与骨骼畸形有关，包括肋骨连接处肿胀、腿部弯曲以及手腕和长骨干骺端的增宽和磨损。然而，关于佝偻病对当前或过去人群骨骼生长的直接影响的信息却很少。
本研究调查了维生素D缺乏性佝偻病对来自东伦敦的两个中世纪后骨骼人群（布罗德盖特和基督教堂斯皮塔菲尔德）长骨生长的影响。随后，研究了婴儿期（出生至3岁）和幼儿期（3 - 7岁）期间与非特异性环境压力（牙釉质发育不全）、工业化、城市化和社会经济地位相关的人群间生长差异。
使用线性和非线性生长模型分析了来自盎格鲁 - 撒克逊、中世纪晚期和中世纪后考古骨骼样本的234名亚成人的长骨干长度尺寸和压力指标数据。
佝偻病对所研究的任何长骨的生长曲线均无影响。然而，注意到四个群体之间在生长方面存在明显差异，主要发生在婴儿期。直到4岁，布罗德盖特的长骨干长度按年龄计算明显小于斯皮塔菲尔德和其他样本，并且与婴儿早期牙釉质发育不全的高患病率相关。
社会经济地位而非城市化、工业化或佝偻病是中世纪后人群中观察到的生长差异背后的核心因素。观察到的人群间生长差异仅在婴儿期显著。
