Pizzigallo A C I, Granai C, Borsa S
Department of Chemical and Biosystems Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2-53100 Siena, Italy.
J Environ Manage. 2008 Jan;86(2):396-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.020. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate two agroindustrial productive processes in their entirety (one organic and one semi-industrial), focusing on the comparison of impacts derived from the inputs and outputs of the system (life cycle assessment, LCA), integrated with a physical evaluation of the resources and natural services, on a common basis (emergy). Methods based on the joint use of LCA and emergy evaluation are useful, as they measure the contribution of environmental services and products to the productive process thus focusing primarily on the environmental impact of emissions and non-renewable energy inputs. The complementarity of the methods used in this paper contributes important elements and information useful for the comprehension of the organization of agriculture within Siena's territory. The results show important elements and useful information: (1) for the comprehension of the two agroecosystems' organization; (2) for the use of the energy flows that determine their development. Moreover, the combined use of emergy and LCA gives a comparative thermodynamic performance evaluation between organic and semi-industrial farming.
本文旨在全面评估两种农业产业生产过程（一种有机生产过程和一种半工业化生产过程），重点比较系统投入和产出所产生的影响（生命周期评估，LCA），并在通用基础（能值）上结合对资源和自然服务的物理评估。基于LCA和能值评估联合使用的方法很有用，因为它们衡量环境服务和产品对生产过程的贡献，从而主要关注排放和不可再生能源投入的环境影响。本文所使用方法的互补性为理解锡耶纳地区内农业的组织形式提供了重要元素和有用信息。结果显示了重要元素和有用信息：（1）有助于理解两种农业生态系统的组织形式；（2）有助于了解决定其发展的能量流的利用情况。此外，能值和LCA的联合使用给出了有机农业和半工业化农业之间的比较热力学性能评估。
