Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, Liaoning Province (110016), PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Oct 15;408(22):5273-83. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.081.
With the rapid development of eco-industrial park projects in China, evaluating their overall eco-efficiency is becoming an important need and a big challenge academically. Developing ecologically conscious industrial park management requires analysis of both industrial and ecological systems. Traditional evaluation methods based on neoclassical economics and embodied energy and exergy analyses have certain limitations due to their focus with environmental issues considered secondary to the maximization of economic and technical objectives. Such methods focus primarily on the environmental impact of emissions and their economic consequences. These approaches ignore the contribution of ecological products and services as well as the load placed on environmental systems and related problems of carrying capacity of economic and industrial development. This paper presents a new method, based upon emergy analysis and synthesis. Such a method links economic and ecological systems together, highlighting the internal relations among the different subsystems and components. The emergy-based method provides insight into the environmental performance and sustainability of an industrial park. This paper depicts the methodology of emergy analysis at the industrial park level and provides a series of emergy-based indices. A case study is investigated and discussed in order to show the emergy method's practical potential. Results from DEDZ (Dalian Economic Development Zone) case show us the potential of emergy synthesis method at the industrial park level for environmental policy making. Its advantages and limitations are also discussed with avenues for future research identified.
随着中国生态工业园区项目的快速发展，评估其整体生态效率成为一个重要的需求和学术上的巨大挑战。为了发展具有生态意识的工业园区管理，需要对工业和生态系统进行分析。传统的基于新古典经济学和包含能源和做功分析的评价方法由于其侧重于将环境问题置于经济和技术目标最大化的次要地位，因此具有一定的局限性。这些方法主要关注排放的环境影响及其经济后果。这些方法忽略了生态产品和服务的贡献，以及对环境系统的负荷和经济与工业发展的承载能力相关问题。本文提出了一种新的方法，基于能值分析和综合。这种方法将经济和生态系统联系在一起，突出了不同子系统和组件之间的内在关系。基于能值的方法深入了解了工业园区的环境绩效和可持续性。本文描述了在工业园区层面上的能值分析方法，并提供了一系列基于能值的指标。通过案例研究来展示能值方法在实际中的应用潜力。DEDZ（大连经济技术开发区）案例的结果表明，在工业园区层面上，能值综合方法在制定环境政策方面具有潜力。还讨论了其优缺点，并确定了未来研究的方向。
