Georgsson Gudmundur, Sigurdarson Sigurdur, Brown Paul
Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v/vesturlandsveg, IS-112 Reykjavík, Iceland.
Laboratory of the Chief Veterinary Officer, Keldur, Iceland.
J Gen Virol. 2006 Dec;87(Pt 12):3737-3740. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.82011-0.
In 1978, a rigorous programme was implemented to stop the spread of, and subsequently eradicate, sheep scrapie in Iceland. Affected flocks were culled, premises were disinfected and, after 2-3 years, restocked with lambs from scrapie-free areas. Between 1978 and 2004, scrapie recurred on 33 farms. Nine of these recurrences occurred 14-21 years after culling, apparently as the result of environmental contamination, but outside entry could not always be absolutely excluded. Of special interest was one farm with a small, completely self-contained flock where scrapie recurred 18 years after culling, 2 years after some lambs had been housed in an old sheep-house that had never been disinfected. Epidemiological investigation established with near certitude that the disease had not been introduced from the outside and it is concluded that the agent may have persisted in the old sheep-house for at least 16 years.
1978年，冰岛实施了一项严格的计划，以阻止绵羊瘙痒病的传播，并随后根除该病。受感染的羊群被扑杀，场地进行了消毒，2至3年后，用来自无瘙痒病地区的羔羊重新补栏。1978年至2004年间，33个农场再次出现了瘙痒病。其中9次复发发生在扑杀后的14至21年，显然是环境污染所致，但不能完全排除外部传入的可能性。特别值得关注的是一个农场，该农场有一小群完全自给自足的羊群，在扑杀18年后，也就是在一些羔羊被安置在一个从未消毒过的旧羊舍两年后，瘙痒病再次出现。流行病学调查几乎可以肯定地确定，该病并非从外部传入，得出的结论是，病原体可能在旧羊舍中持续存在了至少16年。
