Reid Gabrielle, Emery Jon
The University of Western Australia.
Aust Fam Physician. 2006 Nov;35(11):879-82, 884-5.
The family history has a potentially important role in general practice for risk prediction and tailored disease prevention for several common chronic diseases.
This article discusses the potential role of the family history in general practice including current risk assessment guidelines and approaches to supporting family history taking.
Family history reflects shared genetic and environmental risks and can be used to identify individuals at increased risk of common chronic disease who may benefit from tailored preventive management. General practitioners need to develop skills in taking a full family history, creating a pedigree and using this to determine disease risk. Future developments in this area include family history screening tools, computerised risk assessment and, in the longer term, identification of common genetic mutations that are reflected in a person's family history.
家族病史在普通医疗实践中对于多种常见慢性病的风险预测和针对性疾病预防具有潜在的重要作用。
本文讨论家族病史在普通医疗实践中的潜在作用，包括当前的风险评估指南以及支持采集家族病史的方法。
家族病史反映了共同的遗传和环境风险，可用于识别患常见慢性病风险增加的个体，这些个体可能从针对性的预防管理中获益。全科医生需要培养全面采集家族病史、绘制系谱图并据此确定疾病风险的技能。该领域未来的发展包括家族病史筛查工具、计算机化风险评估，从长远来看，还包括识别在个人家族病史中体现的常见基因突变。
