Riemenschneider Markus J, Perry Arie, Reifenberger Guido
Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Lancet Neurol. 2006 Dec;5(12):1045-54. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70625-1.
Meningiomas account for up to 30% of all primary intracranial tumours. They are histologically classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the nervous system. Most meningiomas are benign lesions of WHO grade I, whereas some meningioma variants correspond with WHO grades II and III and are associated with a higher risk of recurrence and shorter survival times. Mutations in the NF2 gene and loss of chromosome 22q are the most common genetic alterations associated with the initiation of meningiomas. With increase in tumour grade, additional progression-associated molecular aberrations can be found; however, most of the relevant genes are yet to be identified. High-throughput techniques of global genome and transcriptome analyses and new meningioma models provide increasing insight into meningioma biology and will help to identify common pathogenic pathways that may be targeted by new therapeutic approaches.
脑膜瘤占所有原发性颅内肿瘤的比例高达30%。它们根据世界卫生组织（WHO）神经系统肿瘤分类进行组织学分类。大多数脑膜瘤是WHO I级良性病变，而一些脑膜瘤变体对应于WHO II级和III级，与更高的复发风险和更短的生存时间相关。NF2基因的突变和22号染色体q臂的缺失是与脑膜瘤发生相关的最常见基因改变。随着肿瘤分级增加，可发现更多与进展相关的分子异常；然而，大多数相关基因尚未被鉴定。全基因组和转录组分析的高通量技术以及新的脑膜瘤模型为脑膜瘤生物学提供了越来越多的见解，并将有助于识别可能成为新治疗方法靶点的常见致病途径。
