Expression and functional characterization of a soluble form of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1.

Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM1) is a leukocyte adhesion molecule induced on human venular endothelium in vitro and in vivo by inflammatory stimuli. A truncated cDNA for ELAM1 has been constructed, stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and the secreted recombinant soluble form of ELAM1 (rsELAM1) purified to homogeneity by immunoaffinity chromatography. rsELAM1, when immobilized on plastic, is fully functional as an adhesion protein, and selectively binds only cells known to bind cell-surface ELAM1 expressed on human endothelial cells, including the myelomonocytic cell line HL60 and the colon carcinoma cell line HT29. Immobilized rsELAM1 also binds human PMN, monocytes, NK cells, and T cells. T cell subset analyses indicate preferential binding of CD4+ T memory cells. However, rsELAM1 is only a weak inhibitor of ELAM1-mediated adhesion. rsELAM1 should prove valuable for the further study of the role of ELAM1 expressed on the vascular wall during the inflammatory response.