Czymek R, Harder K, Düsel W
Operatives Zentrum, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115 Berlin.
Chirurg. 2006 Dec;77(12):1158-63. doi: 10.1007/s00104-006-1188-1.
November 22, 2006 will mark the one hundred twentieth anniversary of the oldest regional surgical society in Germany, which was founded as the Free Association of Berlin Surgeons in 1886. For years, the chairmen were also chairmen of the German Surgical Society (established 1872). Thus they made important contributions to surgery in Germany as a whole. Professors such as Ernst von Bergmann, August Bier, and Ferdinand Sauerbruch furthered the reputation of the Berlin practitioners and German surgery throughout the world. In the states of Berlin and Brandenburg, development and promotion of surgery in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries owed much to the Prussian emperor Friedrich Wilhelm I and the necessities of Prussian battlefields (military surgical training). These battlefields also caused the sharp decline in worldwide importance of Berlin surgeons at the end of World War II. The special geopolitical situation of Berlin in post-war Germany constituted a negative turning point in this region, not only for surgery. As a result of the destruction of Berlin, most records and documents of the Berlin Surgical Society were lost. Research conducted in February 2006 revealed 20 membership lists from the founding years (1893-1914) which were presumed to be lost. These lists can now help us restore part of the Society's identity and roots. New insights have been made regarding the composition of the Society. For example, the large number of military surgeons in these lists reflects the spirit of the times around 1900 and emphasizes the importance of military medicine in imperial Germany.
2006年11月22日将迎来德国最古老的地区性外科学会成立120周年纪念日，该学会于1886年作为柏林外科医生自由协会成立。多年来，该学会的主席同时也是德国外科学会（成立于1872年）的主席。因此，他们为整个德国的外科事业做出了重要贡献。恩斯特·冯·贝格曼、奥古斯特·比尔和费迪南德·绍尔布鲁赫等教授提升了柏林外科医生以及德国外科学在全世界的声誉。在18世纪末和19世纪，柏林和勃兰登堡州外科学的发展与推广在很大程度上归功于普鲁士皇帝腓特烈·威廉一世以及普鲁士战场的需求（军事外科培训）。这些战场也导致了二战末期柏林外科医生在世界范围内的重要性急剧下降。战后德国柏林特殊的地缘政治形势给该地区带来了负面转折，不仅对外科领域如此。由于柏林遭到破坏，柏林外科学会的大多数记录和文件都丢失了。2006年2月进行的研究发现了20份该学会成立初期（1893 - 1914年）的会员名单，这些名单之前被认为已经遗失。现在这些名单有助于我们部分还原该学会的身份和根源。关于该学会的组成有了新的认识。例如，这些名单中大量的军事外科医生反映了1900年左右的时代精神，并凸显了军事医学在德意志帝国的重要性。
