Rochat Philippe
Emory University, Department of Psychology, 532 North Kilgo Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2007 Jan;124(1):8-25. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.09.004. Epub 2006 Nov 17.
Intentionality is defined as the cognitive ability to represent goals beyond the here and now of perception. First signs of intentionality appear by the second month after birth. A major mechanism responsible for such development might be the unique reciprocal and intentional ways humans communicate with each other, particularly their young progenies. I argue that starting in the second month, reciprocal exchanges, affective mirroring, and mutual imitations with others provide infants with the unique opportunity to differentiate as well as to compare and conjugate first (self) and third (others') person perspectives. This ability is a prerequisite not only for referential communication but also of intentionality. It corresponds to the emergence of a new contemplative and "meta" stance toward the world. An argument is made that the developmental origins of this stance are primarily social, not to be found in the individual infant interacting solely with physical objects.
意向性被定义为一种认知能力，即能够表征超越当下感知的目标。意向性的最初迹象在出生后第二个月出现。导致这种发展的一个主要机制可能是人类相互交流的独特的互惠和有意方式，尤其是与他们的幼崽交流。我认为，从第二个月开始，与他人的互惠交流、情感镜像和相互模仿为婴儿提供了独特的机会，使他们能够区分、比较并结合第一（自我）和第三（他人）人称视角。这种能力不仅是指称性交流的先决条件，也是意向性的先决条件。它对应着一种对世界的新的沉思性和“元”立场的出现。有人认为，这种立场的发展起源主要是社会性的，而不是在仅与物理对象互动的个体婴儿身上发现的。
