Kuhnigk Olaf, Strebel Bernd, Schilauske Joerg, Jueptner Markus
Prodekanat fuer Lehre, Martinstr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2007 Feb;12(1):87-101. doi: 10.1007/s10459-005-5045-7. Epub 2006 Nov 17.
The attitudes of medical students towards psychiatry and psychotherapy were examined considering the extent of their education, previous psychiatry experience, the evaluation of the course, their career intentions and socio-demographic variables.
Five hundred and eight medical students in their second, fifth, ninth and tenth semester completed a questionnaire on "Attitudes Towards Psychiatry" (ATP-30).
With 508 participants (return quota: 88%), the study showed no overall change in attitude in the ATP-30 during the course of the study. No general change in attitude following practical training in psychiatry was found. The more positive the psychiatry course was rated the more positive attitudes towards psychiatry were. Female students and students with psychiatry/psychotherapy experience had a significantly more positive attitude towards psychiatry as a subject. Overall 5.8% of all students showed a very positive attitude towards psychiatry.
A positive education experience as well as personal experience increases the probability of a positive student attitude towards psychiatry. In order to assure adequate care for the mentally ill, it should be a fundamental aim of medical education to promote positive attitudes towards the mentally ill and psychiatry. It remains to be investigated, however, whether an improvement in the attitudes of students towards the psychiatry discipline is sufficient to increase the number of students who would like to become psychiatrists or whether other factors are more deciding such as career opportunities, conditions of further education, or income potential.
结合医学生的教育程度、既往精神病学经历、对课程的评价、职业意向及社会人口统计学变量，考察他们对精神病学和心理治疗的态度。
508名二、五、九和十学期的医学生完成了一份关于“对精神病学的态度”（ATP - 30）的问卷。
508名参与者（回收率：88%），研究表明在研究过程中ATP - 30的态度没有总体变化。在精神病学实践培训后未发现态度有普遍变化。对精神病学课程评价越积极，对精神病学的态度就越积极。女生以及有精神病学/心理治疗经历的学生对精神病学这一学科的态度明显更积极。总体而言，所有学生中有5.8%对精神病学表现出非常积极的态度。
积极的教育经历以及个人经历会增加学生对精神病学持积极态度的可能性。为确保对精神疾病患者的充分护理，医学教育的一个基本目标应是促进对精神疾病患者和精神病学持积极态度。然而，学生对精神病学学科态度的改善是否足以增加愿意成为精神科医生的学生数量，或者其他因素（如职业机会、继续教育条件或收入潜力）是否更具决定性，仍有待研究。
