Bóia Márcio Neves, Carvalho-Costa Filipe Anibal, Sodré Fernando Campos, Eyer-Silva Walter A, Lamas Cristiane Cruz, Lyra Marcelo Rosadinski, Pinto Vitor Laerte, Cantalice Filho João Paulo, Oliveira Ana Lucia L, Carvalho Liège M Abreu, Gross Julise B, Sousa Ana Lucia S, Moraes Teruo Ito de, Bermudez-Aza Elkin Hernán, Martins Ezequias Baptista, Coura José Rodrigues
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Tropical, IOC, FiocruzRJ, Brasil.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2006 Jul-Aug;48(4):189-95. doi: 10.1590/s0036-46652006000400003.
The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and evaluate the sanitary conditions and the role of a mass treatment campaign for control of these infections in Santa Isabel do Rio Negro. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2002, to obtain data related to the sanitary conditions of the population and fecal samples for parasitological examination in 308 individuals, followed by a mass treatment with albendazole or mebendazole with coverage of 83% of the city population in 2003. A new survey was carried out in 2004, involving 214 individuals, for comparison of the prevalences of intestinal parasitosis before and after the mass treatment. The prevalences of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection were 48%; 27% and 21% respectively in 2002. There was a significant decrease for the frequency of infections by Ascaris lumbricoides (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.44 / 0.30 - 0.65), Trichuris trichiura (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.37 / 0.22 - 0.62), hookworm (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.03 / 0.01 - 0.15) and helminth poliparasitism (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.16 / 0.08 - 0.32). It was also noticed a decrease of prevalence of infection by Entamoeba histolytica / dispar (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.30 / 0.19 - 0.49) and non-pathogenic amoebas. It was inferred that a mass treatment can contribute to the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis as a practicable short-dated measure. However, governmental plans for public health, education and urban infrastructure are essential for the sustained reduction of prevalences of those infections.
本研究的目的是估计圣伊莎贝尔-杜里奥内格罗土壤传播蠕虫病的流行率，评估卫生条件以及大规模治疗运动在控制这些感染方面的作用。2002年进行了一项横断面调查，以获取与人群卫生条件相关的数据，并采集308人的粪便样本进行寄生虫学检查，随后在2003年用阿苯达唑或甲苯达唑进行了大规模治疗，覆盖了该市83%的人口。2004年进行了一项新的调查，涉及214人，以比较大规模治疗前后肠道寄生虫病的流行率。2002年蛔虫病、鞭虫病和钩虫感染的流行率分别为48%、27%和21%。蛔虫（p<0.05；OR/95%CI=0.44/0.30-0.65）、鞭虫（p<0.05；OR/95%CI=0.37/0.22-0.62）、钩虫（p<0.05；OR/95%CI=0.03/0.01-0.15）和蠕虫多重感染（p<0.05；OR/95%CI=0.16/0.08-0.32）的感染频率均显著下降。还注意到溶组织内阿米巴/非致病性阿米巴感染的流行率有所下降（p<0.05；OR/95%CI=0.30/0.19-0.49）。据推断，大规模治疗作为一种切实可行的短期措施有助于控制土壤传播蠕虫病。然而，政府的公共卫生、教育和城市基础设施计划对于持续降低这些感染的流行率至关重要。
