Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Tancredo Neves Ave., 1095 - Cavalhada II, Caceres, 78217-042 Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Residency in Infectious Diseases, Júlio Miller University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Luis Philippe Pereira Leite St., Alvorada, Cuiabá, 78048-902 Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Parasite. 2021;28:17. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2021028. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
The genus Entamoeba includes a variety of widely distributed species adapted to live in the digestive tracts of humans and a large variety of animals of different classes. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and molecular epidemiology of Entamoeba spp. in different classes of hosts in Brazil. Studies that analyzed hosts from several classes, including humans and domestic, wild, or captive animals, were considered. The pooled prevalence of Entamoeba spp. was calculated using the random-effects model. A total of 166 studies on humans and 16 on animals were included. The prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in the Brazilian population was 22% (95% CI: 21-24). The state with the highest prevalence was Paraiba with 72%, followed by Federal District with 53%, and Rondonia with 50%. In immunocompromized patients, the prevalence was 18%, and cancer (36%) was the most prevalent cause of immunosuppression. The prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in animal hosts was 12% (95% CI: 7-17). Captive wild animals and domestic farm animals showed the highest prevalence, with 16% and 15%, respectively. The species found more often were E. coli (86.5%), E. dispar (7.9%), and E. histolytica (3.1%). In conclusion, a high prevalence (22%) of Entamoeba spp. was found in the Brazilian population, with a prevalence of up to 50% mainly in the northern, northeastern, and central-western regions. The pathogenic species E. histolytica is distributed in most Brazilian regions, with significant prevalence percentages. Among animals, unidentified Entamoeba species were most prevalent in mammals.
内阿米巴属包括多种广泛分布的物种，适应于人类和不同类别的大量动物的消化道中生存。本研究旨在调查巴西不同宿主类群中内阿米巴属的流行情况、分布和分子流行病学。考虑了分析包括人类和家养、野生或圈养动物在内的多个宿主类群的研究。使用随机效应模型计算了内阿米巴属的总流行率。共纳入了 166 项人类研究和 16 项动物研究。巴西人群中内阿米巴属的流行率为 22%（95%CI：21-24）。流行率最高的州是 Paraiba，为 72%，其次是联邦区，为 53%，罗赖马州为 50%。免疫功能低下患者的流行率为 18%，癌症（36%）是最常见的免疫抑制原因。动物宿主中内阿米巴属的流行率为 12%（95%CI：7-17）。圈养野生动物和家养农场动物的流行率最高，分别为 16%和 15%。最常发现的物种是 E. coli（86.5%）、E. dispar（7.9%）和 E. histolytica（3.1%）。总之，巴西人群中内阿米巴属的流行率较高（22%），高达 50%的流行率主要集中在北部、东北部和中西部地区。致病性物种 E. histolytica 分布在巴西大部分地区，流行率百分比较高。在动物中，未鉴定的内阿米巴属物种在哺乳动物中最为常见。
