Piammongkol Sumalika, Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi, Williams Gail, Pornpatkul Malida
Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2006 May;37(3):553-8.
This study was conducted in order to describe the type of anemia and risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in Pattani Province, Thailand. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to October 1997 in five randomly selected districts, choosing villages in the catchment area of a random sample of 30 out of 57 health centers (HC). All resident eligible pregnant women (PW) at 32-40 weeks of gestation without any overt diseases were selected. Food intake and antenatal health history were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, health questionnaire and a review of HC records. Of the 180 enrolled PW, the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and other anemia were 34.4, 37.8 and 7.8%, respectively. PW in the last group were excluded from the analysis of predictors of iron status. Stool samples were obtained from 130 PW. The prevalences of hookworm, Ascaris and Trichuris were 47, 48 and 25 %, respectively. The number of ante-natal care (ANC) visits ranged from 0-8 with a median of 3 visits. Of those PW who visited, 97% reported receiving iron tablets. The compliance rate with iron tablets was low especially in the third trimester (9-12 %). Ordinal logistic regression showed that the risks for ID and IDA were reduced with statistical significance at a gestational age greater than 34 weeks, with more than three ANC visits, and increased consumption of meat and calories, but increased with hookworm infection. Compliance with iron tablet supplementation did not significantly reduce the risk for ID and IDA. In this study, PW had high percentages of ID and IDA. The risk factors identified in this report require intervention to eliminate them.
本研究旨在描述泰国北大年府贫血的类型及缺铁性贫血的危险因素。1997年3月至10月，在随机选取的五个区进行了横断面调查，从57个卫生中心（HC）中随机抽取30个，选取其集水区内的村庄。选取所有妊娠32 - 40周、无任何明显疾病的常住合格孕妇（PW）。通过食物频率问卷、健康问卷及查阅卫生中心记录评估食物摄入量和产前健康史。在180名登记的孕妇中，缺铁（ID）、缺铁性贫血（IDA）和其他贫血的患病率分别为34.4%、37.8%和7.8%。最后一组孕妇被排除在铁状态预测因素分析之外。从130名孕妇中采集了粪便样本。钩虫、蛔虫和鞭虫的患病率分别为47%、48%和25%。产前检查（ANC）次数为0 - 8次，中位数为3次。在接受检查的孕妇中，97%报告服用过铁剂。铁剂的依从率较低，尤其是在孕晚期（9 - 12%）。有序逻辑回归显示，孕龄大于34周、产前检查次数超过3次、肉类和热量摄入量增加时，ID和IDA的风险有统计学意义的降低，但钩虫感染会增加风险。补充铁剂的依从性并未显著降低ID和IDA的风险。在本研究中，孕妇ID和IDA的比例较高。本报告中确定的危险因素需要进行干预以消除它们。
