Puwanant Maneerat, Boonrusmee Sasivara, Jaruratanasirikul Somchit, Chimrung Kanjana, Sriplung Hutcha
Division of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
Division of Ambulatory Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
BMC Nutr. 2022 Nov 8;8(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00619-3.
Adequate nutritional intake of both macronutrients and micronutrients is essential for maintaining good health throughout life, particularly for women of reproductive age (WRA). The Minimum Dietary Diversity for WRA (MDD-W), or the sum of dietary diversity, is recommended as a simple indicator to identify at-risk WRA populations. However, there are no studies on the MDD-W among WRA in Thailand.
To determine food group diversity, MDD-W, and micronutrient intake of WRA in Southern Thailand.
From December 2020 to November 2021, 120 healthy, young WRA (average age 33.2 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled.
A 24-h food record was used to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the food consumed. Dietary diversity was classified into ten food groups. The macronutrients and 15 micronutrients were calculated using the software program INMUCAL, which is the standard program for calculating nutrients in Thai food. The calculated intake of each micronutrient was transformed to the probability of adequacy (PA).
The most common foods consumed were rice, followed by meat, eggs, fruits, and vegetables. Fewer than 40% of the participants consumed beans, dairy products, vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables, dark green vegetables, and pulses. The average MDD-W score was 5 (range 2-8). The mean caloric intake (1,865 cal/day) was adequate for non-lactating WRA but was approximately 300 kcal/day lower than the recommendation for lactating WRA. Most WRA consumed lower amounts of micronutrients than those recommended. The mean PA (MPA) of the 15 micronutrients was 0.33 (range 0.0-0.9).
Non-pregnant WRA in Songkhla consumed adequate macronutrients but inadequate micronutrients. A nutritional education program regarding the importance of micronutrients should be provided to the public, with special attention to WRA.
充足摄入常量营养素和微量营养素对于维持一生的健康至关重要，对于育龄妇女（WRA）而言尤为如此。育龄妇女的最低膳食多样性（MDD-W）或膳食多样性总和，被推荐作为识别有风险的育龄妇女群体的一个简单指标。然而，泰国育龄妇女中关于MDD-W的研究尚无。
确定泰国南部育龄妇女的食物组多样性、MDD-W和微量营养素摄入量。
2020年12月至2021年11月，招募了120名健康的年轻育龄妇女（平均年龄33.2±4.5岁）。
采用24小时食物记录对所摄入食物进行定量和定性评估。膳食多样性分为十个食物组。使用INMUCAL软件程序计算常量营养素和15种微量营养素，该软件是计算泰国食物营养素的标准程序。将每种微量营养素的计算摄入量转换为充足概率（PA）。
最常食用的食物是大米，其次是肉类、蛋类、水果和蔬菜。不到40%的参与者食用豆类、乳制品、富含维生素A的水果和蔬菜、深绿色蔬菜和豆类。MDD-W平均得分为5（范围2-8）。平均热量摄入量（1865千卡/天）对于非哺乳期育龄妇女足够，但比哺乳期育龄妇女的推荐量低约300千卡/天。大多数育龄妇女摄入的微量营养素低于推荐量。15种微量营养素的平均PA（MPA）为0.33（范围0.0-0.9）。
宋卡的未孕育龄妇女摄入了足够的常量营养素，但微量营养素不足。应向公众提供关于微量营养素重要性的营养教育项目，尤其要关注育龄妇女。
