Mayer J, Peter J H
Marburg University Medical Outpatient Department, Federal Republic of Germany.
Drugs. 1991;41 Suppl 1:37-47. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199100411-00008.
Sleep-related breathing disorders are associated with considerably impaired vitality and reduced life expectancy. In this respect, a particularly important role is played by obstructive snoring and obstructive or mixed sleep apnoea. Because of the often underestimated prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders and their association with hypertension in greater than 50% of patients, it is important to introduce antihypertensive drug therapy that does not exacerbate the effects and the degree of these disorders, and that above all produces an adequate lowering of blood pressure by night. In the present study in 12 patients, it has been shown that the new ACE inhibitor, cilazapril, achieves a good reduction in blood pressure over 24 hours and during all stages of sleep, without any negative influence on the ratio of REM: nonREM sleep. The apnoea index was reduced from 40 (range 12 to 84) to 27 (range 0 to 72) apnoeas per hour of sleep (p less than 0.01). It will be increasingly important to take into account the effects of antihypertensive therapy on other clinical parameters, especially the nocturnal blood pressure profile and its association with sleep-related breathing disorders.
与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍与活力显著受损和预期寿命缩短有关。在这方面,阻塞性打鼾以及阻塞性或混合性睡眠呼吸暂停起着特别重要的作用。由于与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍的患病率常常被低估,且在超过50%的患者中与高血压相关,因此引入不会加剧这些障碍的影响和程度,且最重要的是能在夜间充分降低血压的抗高血压药物治疗很重要。在本项针对12名患者的研究中,已表明新型血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂西拉普利在24小时内及睡眠的所有阶段均能有效降低血压,且对快速眼动睡眠与非快速眼动睡眠的比例没有任何负面影响。呼吸暂停指数从每小时睡眠40次(范围为12至84次)降至27次(范围为0至72次)(p<0.01)。考虑抗高血压治疗对其他临床参数的影响,尤其是夜间血压情况及其与睡眠相关呼吸障碍的关联,将变得越来越重要。