Sezen Kazım, Demırbağ Zihni
Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü; Trabzon, Turkey.
Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2005;29(4):280-6.
Poxviridae are divided into two subfamilies: the Chordopoxvirinae (poxviruses of vertebrates) and the Entomopoxvirinae (insect poxviruses). Entomopoxviruses (EPVs) are large (300-400 nm) oval shaped viruses. The genome of EPVs is large, with covalent ends and is a linear double-stranded DNA (200-240 kbp) molecule. The Entomopoxvirinae comprises three genera based on host insect and virion morphology. Genus A viruses infect coleopterans, genus B viruses infect lepidopterans and orthopterans, and genus C viruses infect dipterans. The Melolontha melolontha entomopoxvirus (MmEPV) was the first poxvirus to be described as being associated with an insect disease. Then, several entomopoxviruses (EPVs) have been found to infect Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Orthoptera. Entomopoxviruses are very similar to orthopoxvirus and molluscipoxvirus that cause dermal lesions and pox diseases in humans. Therefore, these viruses have great importance in understanding their replication mechanism as well as in the use as a gene expression vector and as a pest control agent. In this review article, we present information about entomopoxviruses on which important studies have been done recently.
脊椎动物痘病毒亚科（脊椎动物痘病毒）和昆虫痘病毒亚科（昆虫痘病毒）。昆虫痘病毒（EPV）是大型（300 - 400纳米）椭圆形病毒。昆虫痘病毒的基因组很大，具有共价末端，是一个线性双链DNA（200 - 240千碱基对）分子。根据宿主昆虫和病毒粒子形态，昆虫痘病毒亚科包括三个属。A属病毒感染鞘翅目昆虫，B属病毒感染鳞翅目和直翅目昆虫，C属病毒感染双翅目昆虫。五月鳃金龟昆虫痘病毒（MmEPV）是第一个被描述与昆虫疾病相关的痘病毒。随后，人们发现了几种感染鞘翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目、膜翅目和直翅目的昆虫痘病毒。昆虫痘病毒与在人类中引起皮肤病变和痘病的正痘病毒和软疣痘病毒非常相似。因此，这些病毒在理解其复制机制以及用作基因表达载体和害虫控制剂方面具有重要意义。在这篇综述文章中，我们介绍了最近对昆虫痘病毒进行的重要研究的相关信息。
