加权步行试验作为评估有氧能力的替代方法。

The weighted walking test as an alternative method of assessing aerobic power.

作者信息

Klimek Andrzej T, Klimek Adam

机构信息

Institute of Human Physiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.

出版信息

J Sports Sci. 2007 Jan 15;25(2):143-8. doi: 10.1080/02640410600630704.

DOI:10.1080/02640410600630704

PMID:17127589

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) directly during uphill walking exercise and to compare these values with those achieved during running and cycling exercise. Forty untrained students (20 males and 20 females) took part in three exercise tests. The running test was performed on a horizontal treadmill and the speed was gradually increased by 0.3 m . s(-1) every 3 min. The walking test was conducted on a treadmill inclined at 12% (speed of 1.8 m . s(-1)). The load was further increased every 3 min by the addition of a mass of one-twentieth of the body mass of the participant (plastic containers filled with water and added to a backpack carried by the participant). During the bicycle ergometry test, the workload was increased by 20 W every 2 min. All tests were performed until volitional exhaustion. During all tests, oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory frequency, heart rate, hydrogen ion concentration, base excess, and blood lactate concentration were analysed. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the weighted walking test and the commonly applied running and bicycle ergometry tests indicate a strong association with the new test in evaluating maximal oxygen uptake. The negligible differences in VO2max between the three tests for the male participants (running: 61.0 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1); walking: 60.4 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1); cycling: 60.2 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1)), and the fact that the females achieved better results on the walking test than the cycle ergometer test (running: 45.0 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1); walking: 42.6 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1); cycling: 40.1 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1)), confirm the suitability of the new method for evaluating aerobic power. The weighted walking test could be useful in the assessment of aerobic power in individuals for whom running is not advised or is difficult. In addition, the new test allows for determination of VO2max on small treadmills with a limited speed regulator, such as those found in specialist physiotherapy and fitness centres.

摘要

本研究的目的是直接测定上坡步行运动期间的最大摄氧量（VO2max），并将这些值与跑步和骑自行车运动期间获得的值进行比较。40名未经训练的学生（20名男性和20名女性）参加了三项运动测试。跑步测试在水平跑步机上进行，速度每3分钟逐渐增加0.3 m·s⁻¹。步行测试在倾斜12%的跑步机上进行（速度为1.8 m·s⁻¹）。每3分钟通过增加相当于参与者体重二十分之一的质量（装满水的塑料容器并添加到参与者携带的背包中）来进一步增加负荷。在自行车测力计测试期间，工作量每2分钟增加20 W。所有测试均进行至自愿疲劳。在所有测试期间，分析了摄氧量、分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率、心率、氢离子浓度、碱剩余和血乳酸浓度。加权步行测试与常用的跑步和自行车测力计测试之间的Pearson相关系数表明，在评估最大摄氧量方面，新测试与之有很强的相关性。男性参与者三项测试之间VO2max的差异可忽略不计（跑步：61.0 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；步行：60.4 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；骑自行车：60.2 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹），并且女性在步行测试中的结果优于自行车测力计测试（跑步：45.0 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；步行：42.6 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；骑自行车：40.1 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹），这证实了新方法在评估有氧能力方面的适用性。加权步行测试对于不建议跑步或跑步困难的个体评估有氧能力可能有用。此外，新测试允许在速度调节器有限的小型跑步机上测定VO2max，例如在专业物理治疗和健身中心使用的跑步机。