Jiménez-Redondo Germán, Castro-Frecha Bruno, Martínez-Noguera Francisco Javier, Alcaraz Pedro E, Marín-Pagán Cristian
Research Center for High-Performance Sport, Campus de los Jerónimos, Catholic University of Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Jul 11;12(7):189. doi: 10.3390/sports12070189.
During some trail running races, athletes have to carry hydration support, food, and technical and safety equipment, which generates an additional load that must be mobilized during the race. The aim of the present study was to determine the physiological responses to overload running and the effect they may have on metabolic zones. Seventeen well-trained male trail runners (n = 17) completed three maximal treadmill tests with weighted vests at 0%, 5%, and 10% of their body mass (L0, L5, and L10). Their gas exchange was monitored to assess their ventilatory thresholds 1 (VT1) and 2 (VT2), maximal fat oxidation zone (FatMax), and peak oxygen consumption (VO). Their heart rate (HR), power, and velocity (V) were tracked to compare their behavior. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences in the V ( < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.4620) as a limitation for reaching the peak velocity (V), with a significant decrease in the V with the L10 compared to the L0 ( = 0.002) and L5 ( = 0.004). In addition, one-way ANOVA showed significant differences in the peak absolute power ( < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.468) among the groups, detecting higher power production between the L10 and L0 ( < 0.001) and between the L10 and L5 ( = 0.015). Loads higher than L5 could generated important physiological and mechanical modifications, while a load of L5 managed to maintain the working conditions without overloading. These insights shed light on nuanced strategies for optimizing performance and endurance, offering valuable considerations for athletes seeking to enhance their training regimens during overload conditions.
在一些越野跑比赛中，运动员必须携带水合支持、食物以及技术和安全装备，这会产生额外的负荷，在比赛过程中必须调动这些负荷。本研究的目的是确定对超负荷跑步的生理反应以及它们可能对代谢区域产生的影响。17名训练有素的男性越野跑者（n = 17）穿着重量背心在跑步机上完成了三次最大测试，重量分别为其体重的0%、5%和10%（L0、L5和L10）。监测他们的气体交换以评估其通气阈值1（VT1）和2（VT2）、最大脂肪氧化区（FatMax）以及峰值耗氧量（VO）。跟踪他们的心率（HR）、功率和速度（V）以比较他们的表现。单因素方差分析显示，作为达到峰值速度（V）的限制因素，V存在显著差异（< 0.001；ηp2 = 0.4620），与L0（ = 0.002）和L5（ = 0.004）相比，L10时的V显著降低。此外，单因素方差分析显示，各组之间的峰值绝对功率存在显著差异（< 0.001；ηp2 = 0.468），检测到L10与L0之间（< 0.001）以及L10与L5之间（ = 0.015）的功率产生更高。高于L5的负荷可能会产生重要的生理和机械变化，而L5的负荷设法维持了工作条件而不会造成过载。这些见解为优化表现和耐力的细微策略提供了启示，为寻求在超负荷条件下加强训练方案的运动员提供了有价值的参考。
