尼日利亚阿贝奥库塔食品处理人员的经口粪便寄生虫与个人卫生状况

Oral fecal parasites and personal hygiene of food handlers in Abeokuta, Nigeria.

作者信息

Idowu O A, Rowland S A

机构信息

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

出版信息

Afr Health Sci. 2006 Sep;6(3):160-4. doi: 10.5555/afhs.2006.6.3.160.

DOI:10.5555/afhs.2006.6.3.160

PMID:17140338

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1831884/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ingestion of infective eggs and cysts of faecal orally transmissible parasites has been linked with the level of environmental and personal hygiene. The possibility of contamination of food with eggs and cysts by infected food vendors has also been recorded.

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS

This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of parasites with direct transmission and the level of hygiene among food vendors. Stools of randomly selected food vendors selling in schools and streets in Abeokuta were examined for ova and cysts of parasites using formo-ether concentration method. Questionnaires, interviews, and field observation were also used to assess the activities of food vendors.

RESULTS

Ninety-seven (97%) percent of the food vendors were infected with one or more faecal-orally transmissible parasites while 3% were free from such parasites; Parasites observed were Entamoeba histolytica with a prevalence of 72% Ascaris lumbricoides (54%), Enterobius vermicularis (27%), Trichuris trichiura (24%) and Giardia duodenalis (13%). School food vendors recorded lower prevalence of infection (92%) than the street food vendors (98.7%) (P>0.05) Fifty-two percent (52%) of the food vendors have dewormed in the last four years; Eighty percent (80%) of this were school food vendors. Infections with helminthes were recorded in 63.5% of the dewormed food vendors. Food vendors involved in child care activities were found to be more infected than those not involved in such activities. Toilet facilities available to the vendors were mainly pit latrine and other related structure (75%) while 25% had access to water system closets. During hawking, dung hills were majorly used for defaecation. Hand washing after defaecation did not include the use of soap in the few vendors that were involved in hand washing.

CONCLUSION

There is need to enact food handling policies and implementation of such policies ensured in order to reduce transmission of oral faecal parasites.

摘要

背景

摄入经粪口传播的寄生虫的感染性虫卵和包囊与环境及个人卫生水平有关。有记录表明，受感染的食品摊贩所售食物存在被虫卵和包囊污染的可能性。

目的与方法

本研究旨在评估经直接传播的寄生虫的流行情况以及食品摊贩的卫生水平。采用甲醛-乙醚浓缩法，对在阿贝奥库塔的学校和街道上随机挑选的食品摊贩的粪便进行寄生虫虫卵和包囊检测。还通过问卷调查、访谈和实地观察来评估食品摊贩的活动。

结果

97%的食品摊贩感染了一种或多种经粪口传播的寄生虫，3%未感染此类寄生虫；观察到的寄生虫有溶组织内阿米巴，感染率为72%，蛔虫（54%）、蛲虫（27%）、鞭虫（24%）和十二指肠贾第虫（13%）。学校食品摊贩的感染率（92%）低于街头食品摊贩（98.7%）（P>0.05）。52%的食品摊贩在过去四年内进行过驱虫；其中80%是学校食品摊贩。在已驱虫的食品摊贩中，63.5%有蠕虫感染记录。参与儿童护理活动的食品摊贩比未参与此类活动的更容易感染。摊贩可用的厕所设施主要是坑式厕所和其他相关设施（75%），25%可使用水冲式厕所。在叫卖期间，粪堆主要被用作排便场所。少数洗手的摊贩在排便后洗手时不使用肥皂。