Interrelationships between prostaglandins, cyclic AMP and steroids in ovulation.

Ovulation is a complex phenomenon, involving a series of biochemical events within the ovary, leading to the rupture of the follicle. This paper summarizes recent studies in our laboratory of some of these biochemical changes using the rabbit as an experimental model. It has been shown in our laboratory that isolated Graafian follicles obtained from oestrous rabbits synthesize steroids and cyclic AMP when incubated in vitro. Luteinizing hormone added to the incubation medium increased steroidogenesis and cyclic AMP synthesis many fold. When follicles were isolated from rabbits at different times following the ovulatory stimulus (mating or HCG injection) it was found that the in vitro response to LH in terms of steroidogenesis and cylcic AMP synthesis was lost as ovulation approached. In contrast, when prostaglandins (PGF and PGE) were measured in rabbit Graafian follicles it was found that the PGF and PGE levels increased as ovulation approached. From these data and from reports in the literature, we have developed a hypothetical model for ovulation in the rabbit which may help in a better understanding of the ovulatory process.